2017年上半年英语六级考试模拟预测套题辅导

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2017年上半年英语六级考试模拟预测套题辅导

　　作文

　　Private Cars

　　1)发展私人汽车的好处(提高人们的生活水平;刺激经济增长);

　　2)私人汽车带来的问题(环境污染;交通事故);

　　3)我的看法。

　　参考范文：

　　Private cars have become an important aspect of people's life in many parts of our country， especially in large cities such as Beijing， Shanghai and Guangzhou. While they bring much convenience to people， they are also widely criticized. There are some arguments for owning private cars. In the first place， cars allow people to move around freely， which greatly improves our living standard. We can easily drive cars for sightseeing on weekends. In the second place， cars are a comfortable way to travel， especially in bad weather. Last but not least， the car industry can boost economy by creating many job opportunities in production of steel， rubber， glass and so on. However， there are also many good arguments against cars. First of all， they pollute the environment by emitting harmful gases and giving out loud noises. In addition， cars cause a large number of traffic accidents， which bring great misery to the victims' families. As far as I am concerned， we should limit the number of private cars by providing better mass transportation and better service for the people. Everyone should sacrifice his or her own interest for the common good of the society.

　　阅读理解

　　In the last 12 years total employment in the United States grew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country – from 82 to 110 million between 1973 and 1985 – that is, by a full one third. The entire growth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in no – blue-collar jobs…

　　This trend is the same in all developed countries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highly probable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States and Japan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force I n manufacturing than developed countries now employ in farming – at most, 10 percent. Today the United States employs around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturing industries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. In some major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic, for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ more than one –third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even though production might be 50 percent higher.

　　If a company, an industry or a country does not in the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and at the same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope to remain competitive – or even to remain “developed.” The attempt to preserve such blue – collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment…

　　This is not a conclusion that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United States is experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturing economy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we now speak of “robotization “ or “automation.” This is actually more a change in terminology than a change in reality. When Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1909, he cut the number of man – hours required to produce a motor car by some 80 percent in two or three years –far more than anyone expects to result from even the most complete robotization. But there is no doubt that we are facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers by machines –that is, by the products of knowledge.

　　1.According to the author, the shrinkage in the manufacturing labor force demonstrates______.

　　A.the degree to which a country’s production is robotized

　　B.a reduction in a country’s manufacturing industries

　　C.a worsening relationship between labor and management

　　D.the difference between a developed country and a developing country

　　2.According to the author, in coming 25years, a developed country or industry, in order t remain competitive, ought to ______.

　　A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work force

　　B.preserve blue – collar jobs for international competition

　　C.accelerate motor – can manufacturing in Henry Ford’s style

　　D.solve the problem of unemployment

　　3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike_____.

　　A.confusion in manufacturing economy

　　B.an increase in blue – collar work force

　　C.internal competition in manufacturing production

　　D.a drop in the blue – collar job opportunities

　　4.The word “prescription” in “a prescription for unemployment” may be the equivalent to ______

　　A.something recommended as medical treatment

　　B.a way suggested to overcome some difficulty

　　C.some measures taken in advance

　　D.a device to dire

　　5.This passage may have been excepted from ________

　　A.a magazine about capital investment

　　B.an article on automation

　　C.a motor-car magazine

　　D.an article on global economy

　　答案：AADCD

　　What does the future hold for the problem of housing? A good deal depends, of course, on the meaning of “future”. If one is thinking in terms of science fiction and the space age, it is at least possible to assume that man will have solved such trivial and earthly problems as housing. Writers of science fiction, from H.G. Wells onwards, have had little to say on the subject. They have conveyed the suggestion that men will live in great comfort, with every conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthy and easy, if not happy. But they have not said what his house will be made of. Perhaps some new building material, as yet unimagined, will have been discovered or invented at least. One may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone out of fashion.

　　But the problems of the next generation or two can more readily be imagined. Scientists have already pointed out that unless something is done either to restrict the world’s rapid growth in population or to discover and develop new sources of food (or both), millions of people will be dying of starvation or at the best suffering from underfeeding before this century is out. But nobody has yet worked out any plan for housing these growing populations. Admittedly the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world, where housing can be light structure or in backward areas where standards are traditionally low. But even the minimum shelter requires materials of some kind and in the teeming, bulging towns the low-standard “housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty canvas is far more wasteful of ground space than can be tolerated.

　　Since the war, Hong Kong has suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to arise in many other places during the next generation. Literally millions of refugees arrived to swell the already growing population and emergency steps had to be taken rapidly to prevent squalor(肮脏)and disease and the spread crime. The city is tackling the situation energetically and enormous blocks of tenements(贫民住宅)are rising at an astonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only one small part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely a housing problem, because when population grows at this rate there are accompanying problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage, water supply and so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and the search for quicker and cheaper methods of construction must never cease.

　　1.What is the author’s opinion of housing problems in the first paragraph?

　　A.They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.

　　B.They are unimportant and easily dealt with.

　　C.They will not be solved until a new building material has been discovered.

　　D.They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the future.

　　2.The writer is sure that in the distant future ___.

　　A.bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.

　　B.a new building material will have been invented.

　　C.bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to be fashionable.

　　D.a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.

　　3.The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the world before the end of the century ___.

　　A.is difficult to foresee.

　　B.will be how to feed the ever growing population.

　　C.will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.

　　D.is the question of finding enough ground space.

　　4.When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that in these parts ___.

　　A.standards of building are low.

　　B.only minimum shelter will be possible.

　　C.there is not enough ground space.

　　D.the population growth will be the greatest.

　　5.Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?

　　A.Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.

　　B.Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions of refugees.

　　C.Hong Kong’s crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number of other problems of population growth.

　　D.Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them.

　　答案：AABDD

　　It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft,” and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical system is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity of sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived form the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.

　　In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, or even if earth’s geological history, ca easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data come in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” of our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order for hardness and as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we learnt things as they were long age, are limited in the extreme.

　　Even in regard to such a close neighbor as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and insecure.

　　1.The word “paradox” (Line 1, Para. 1) means “_____”.

　　A.implication B.contradiction

　　C.interpretation D.confusion

　　2.Accroding to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because _______.

　　A.a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciences

　　B.our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systems

　　C.our understanding of the social systems is approximately correct

　　D.we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena

　　3.The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because______.

　　A.it is not based on personal experience

　　B.new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciences

　　C.it is based on a fairly representative quantity of data

　　D.the records of social systems are more reliable

　　4.The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because _____.

　　A.contradictory theories keep emerging all the time

　　B.new information is constantly coming in

　　C.the direction of their development is difficult to predict

　　D.our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate

　　5.We know less about the astronomical universe than we don about any social system because ______.

　　A.theories of its origin and history are varied

　　B.our knowledge of it is highly insecure

　　C.only a very small sample of it has been observed

　　D.few scientists are involved in the study of astronomy

　　答案：ACDAD

　　What most people don’t realize is that wealth isn’t the same as income. If you make $ 1 million a year and spend $ 1 million, you’re not getting wealthier, you’re just living high. Wealth is what you accumulate, not what you spend.

　　The most successful accumulators of wealth spend far less than they can afford on houses, cars, vacations and entertainment. Why? Because these things offer little or no return. The wealthy would rather put their money into investments or their businesses. It’s an attitude.

　　Millionaires understand that when you buy a luxury house, you buy a luxury life –style too. Your property taxes skyrocket, along with the cost of utilities and insurance, and the prices of nearby services, such as grocery stores, tend to be higher.

　　The rich man’s attitude can also be seen in his car. Many drive old unpretentious sedans. Sam Walton, billionaire founder of the Wal – Mart Store, Inc., drove a pickup truck.

　　Most millionaires measure success by net worth, not income. Instead of taking their money home, they plow as much as they can into their businesses, stock portfolios and other assets. Why? Because the government doesn’t tax wealth; it taxes income you bring home for consumption, the more the government taxes.

　　The person who piles up net worth fastest tends to put every dollar he can into investments, not consumption. All the while, of course, he’s reinvesting his earnings from investments and watching his net worth soar. That’s the attitude as well.

　　The best wealth-builders pay careful attention to their money and seek professional advice. Those who spend heavily on cars, boats and buses, I’ve found, tend to skimp on investment advice. Those who skimp on the luxuries are usually more willing to pay top dollar for good legal and financial advice.

　　The self-made rich develop clear goals for their money. They may wish to retire early, or they may want to leave an estate to their children. The goals vary, but two things are consistent: they have a dollar figure in mind-the amount they want to save by age 50, perhaps – and they work unceasingly toward that goal.

　　One thing may surprise you. If you make wealth – not just income – your goal, the luxury house you’ve been dreaming about won’t seem so alluring. You’ll have the attitude.

　　1.Which of the following statements is true?

　　A.Wealth is judged according to the life style one has.

　　B.Inheritance builds an important part in one’s wealth.

　　C.High income may make one live high and get rich t the same time.

　　D.Wealth is more of what one has made than anything else.

　　2.By the author’s opinion, those who spend money on luxury houses and cars_____.

　　A.will not be taxed by the government

　　B.have accumulated wealth in another sense

　　C.live high and have little saved

　　D.can show that they are among the rich

　　3.The rich put their money into business because_____.

　　A.they can get much in return to build their wealth

　　B.they are not interested in luxury houses and cars

　　C.their goal is to develop their company

　　D.that is the only way to spend money yet not to be taxed by the government

　　4.The U.S. government doesn’t tax what you spend money on _____.

　　A.cars Bhouses C.stock D.boats

　　5.To become wealthy, one should______.

　　A.seek as much income as he can

　　B.work hard unceasingly

　　C.stick to the way he lives

　　D.save up his earnings

　　答案：DCACB

　　翻译原文：

　　算盘(abacus)是中国古代的一项伟大发明。在古代，人们用小木棍进行计算随着社会的发展，需要计算的数目越来越大，用小木棍已无法宪成计算。于是，人们发明了更为高级的计算工具一一算盘。由于算盘操作方便、简单易学，因此在中国被广泛使用。在算盘的基础上，有人发展了珠心算(mental abacus)，即把算盘的形象描绘在脑海中来计算数字。

　　1.第1句由3个短句构成，第1个短句译成介词短语Withthesocial development或连词as引出的从句As the societydeveloped;第2个短句可处理为主句，当中的定语“需要计算的”可译为分词短语 needed to calculate，作后置定语;第3个短句则处理成用which引导的非限制性定语从句，套用make it impossible for sb./sth. to do sth.的结构，译成which made it impossible for the rods to fulfill the task，为了避免重复，把“完成计算”转译成了“完成任务”。

　　2.第4句中破折号后的内容“算盘”是前面“更为高级的计算工具”的同位语，译文处也可用破折号引出。

　　3.第5句中的“由于算盘操作方便、简单易学”可套用英语常用句式It is+ a. + to do sth.，译为Since it wasconvenient to use and easy to learn。虽然中文出现了“由于......因此......”，但译为英语时不能同时出现“Since... so...”。

　　4.最后一句中的“有人发展了珠心算”如果逐字对译为someonehas developed...则显晦涩，且主语“有人”无需强调，故转换主语为“珠心算”，用there came句型，表存现状态。“即把算盘的形象……”是对“珠心算”的补充说明，可用介词短语 with the image of an abacus in mind to calculate the figures 来表达。

　　参考译文：

　　The abacus is a great invention in ancient China. Inthe old times， people used small rods to count， Withthe social development， numbers needed tocalculate were increasingly greater， which made itimpossible for the rods to fulfill the task. Thus，people invented a more advanced calculating devicethe abacus. Since it was convenient to use and easy to learn，the abacus was widely used inChina. On the basis of the abacus， there came the mental abacus with the image of anabacus in mind to calculate the figures.

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