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2016年12月英语六级考试阅读专项试题及答案
Text 1
The orange towers of the Golden Gate Bridge--probably the most beautiful,certainly the most photographed bridge in the world--are visible from almost every point of elevation in San Francisco. The only crack in Northern California's 600-mile continental wall,for years this mile-wide strait was considered unbridgeable. As much an architectural as an engineering feat, the Golden Gate took only 52 months to design and build, and was opened in 1937. Designed by Joseph Strauss, it was the first really massive suspension bridge,with a span of 4,200ft, and until 1959 ranked as the world's longest. It connects the city at its northwesterly point on the peninsula to Marin County and Northern California, rendering the hitherto essential ferry crossing redundant, and was designed to withstand winds of up to a hundred miles an hour and to swing as much as 27 ft. Handsome on a clear day, the bridge takes on an eerie(神秘的) quality when the thick white fogs pour in and hide it almost completely.
You can either drive or walk across. The drive is the more thrilling of the two options as you race under the bridge's towers, but the half-hour walk across it really gives you time to take in its enormous size and absorb the views of the city behind you and the headlands of Northern California straight ahead. Pause at the midway point and consider the seven or so suicides a month who choose this spot,260 ft up, as their jumping-off spot. Monitors of such events speculate that victims always face the city before they leap.In 1995, when the suicide toll from the bridge had reached almost 1,000,police kept the figures quiet to avoid a rush of would-be suicides going for the dubious distinction of being the thousandth person to leap.
Perhaps the best loved symbol of San Francisco, in 1987 the Golden Gate proved an auspicious place(风水宝地) for a sunrise party when crowds gathered to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary. Some quarter of a million people turned up (a third of the city's entire population); the winds were strong and huge numbers caused the bridge to buckle(使弯曲), but fortunately not to break.
1. What is TURE of the Golden Gate Bridge?
A. It is certainly the world's most beautiful bridge.B. It is far from San Francisco.
C. It is a feat neither architecturally nor engineeringly before 1960. D.It was the world longest bridge.
2. What do you know further about the Golden Gate Bridge?
A. It is over a strait where no bridge could have been built before the 1930s.
B. It is the first massive bridge designed by Joseph Strauss.
C. It appears while in the thick white fogs. D. It connects Marin Country with Northern California.
3. Of the two exercises, the drive over the bridge is more _________.
A. interesting B. fascinating C. inviting D. exciting
4. Those who attempt to suicide often jump from the midway point of the bridge probably because_________.
A. they want to die quietly B. they want to die quickly
C. they want to take a glance at the bridge's towers D. they want to take a glance at San Francisco
5. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The World's Most Beautiful Bridge B. The World's Most Photographed Bridge
C. The World's First Suspension Bridge D.The Golden Gate Bridge
答案：DADDD
Text 2
Children are getting so fat they may be the first generation to die before their parents, an expert claimed yesterday. Today’s youngsters are already falling prey to potential killers such as diabetes(糖尿病) because of their weight. Fatty fast- food diets combined with sedentary(长坐的) lifestyles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young, says Professor Andrew Prentice, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
At the same time, the shape of the human body is going through a huge evolutionary shift because adults are getting so fat. Here in Britain, latest research shows that the average waist size for a man is 36-38in, and may be 42-44, by 2032. This compares with only 32.6in. in 1972.Women’s waists have grown from an average of 22in. in 1920 to 24in. in the Fifties and 30in. now. One of the major reasons why children now are at greater risk is that we are getting fatter younger.
In the UK alone, more than one million under- 16s are classed as overweight or obese(过度肥胖的)— double the number in the mid Eighties. One in ten four-year- olds are also medically classified as obese.
The obesity(肥胖症) pandemic(流行病)—an extensive epidemic— which started in the US, has now spread to Europe, Australasia, Central America and the Middle East. Many nations now record more than 20 per cent of their population as clinically obese and well over half the population as overweight.
Prof. Prentice said the change in our shape has been caused by an oversupply of easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments.
He is not alone in his concern. Only last week one medical journal revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for strokes and heart disease as well as diabetes. An averagely obese person’s lifespan is shortened by around nine years while a severely obese person by many more.
Prof. Prentice said: ”So will parents outlive their children, as claimed recently by an American obesity specialist? The answer is yes and no. Yes, when the offspring become grossly obese. This is now becoming an alarmingly common occurrence in the US. Such children and adolescents have a greatly reduced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health.”
So say” No” to that doughnut and burger.
1. Prof. Andrew Prentice said that the life of an extremely fat child________
A. might be shorter B. might be longer C. shorter than his father, but longer than his mother
D. might be longer than his father, but shorter than his mother
2. The word “prey”(Line 3, Para.1) means________
A. victim B. vitamin C. food D. fool
3. Which of the following fails to refer to an obese child?
A. An extremely weighty child. B. An extremely fat child. C. An extremely fatty child. D. An over weight child.
4. According to the passage, obesity is an extensive epidemic starting in __________
A. Asia B. North America C. Europe D. Central America
5. Which of the following disease is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. pneumonia B. diabetes C. heart disease D. stroke
【答案】AAABA
Text 3
Proxemics(空间关系学) is the study of what governs how closely one person stands to another. People who feel close will be close, though the actual distances will vary between cultures. For Amreicans we can discern four main categories of distance: intimate, personal, social and public. Intimate ranges from direct contact to about 45 centimeters. This is for the closest relationships such as those between husband and wife. Beyond this comes personal distance. This stands at between 45 and 80 centimeters. It is the most usual distance maintained for conversations between friends and relatives. Social distance covers people who work together or are meeting at social gatherings. Distances here tend to be kept between 1.30 to 2 meters. Beyond this comes public distance, such as that between a lecturer and his audience.
All cultures draw lines between what is an appropriate and what is an inappropriate social distance for different types of relationship. They differ, however, in where they draw these lines. Look at an international reception withrepresentatives from the US and Arabic countries conversing and you will see the Americans pirouetting(快速旋转) backwards around the hall pursued by their Arab partners. The Americans will be trying to keep the distance between themselves and their partners which they have grown used to regarding as “normal”. They probably will not even notice themselves trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their partners, though they may have vague feeling that their Arab neighbors are being a bit “pushy”. The Arab, on the other hand, coming from a culture where much closer distance is the norm, may be feeling that the Americans are being “stand-offish”. Finding themselves happier standing close to and even touching those they are in conversation with they will persistently pursue the Americans round the room trying to close the distance between them.
The appropriateness of physical contact varies between different cultures too. One study of the number of times people conversing in coffee shops over a one hour period showed the following interesting variations: London, 0; Florida, 2; Paris, 10; and Puerto Rico 180. Not only dose it vary between societies, however, it also varies between different subcultures within one society. Young people in Britain, for example, are more likely to touch and hug friends than are the older generation. This may be partly a matter of growing older, but it also reflects the fact that the older generation grew up at a time when touching was less common for all age groups. Forty years ago, for example, footballers would never hug and kiss one another on the field after a goal as they do today. 1.In proxemics, ____governs the standing space between two persons.
A. distance B. culture C. conversation D. relationship
2.The word “stand-offish”(Line 14, Para. 2) could best be replaced by_________.
A. cold and distant in behaviour B. ungentlemanlike in behaviour
C. inhuman in behaviour D. polite in behaviour
3. In conversation with an American partner at an international reception, an Arab deems that close distant is _________.
A. appropriate B. inappropriate C. rash D. impetuous
4. We can infer from the third paragragh that the appropriateness of physical contact also varies with_________.
A. time B. city C. country D. people
5. The best title for the passage would be __________.
A. Proxemics B. Appropriateness of Social Distance
C. Appropriateness Relationships Between Two Persons D. Appropriateness Physical Contact Between Two Persons
【答案】：DAAAA
Text 4
In the past century Irish painting has changes from a British-influenced lyrical tradition to an art that evokes the ruggedness and roots of an Irish Celtic past. At the turn of the twentieth century Irish painters, including notables Walter Frederick Osborne and Sir William Orpen, looked elsewhere for influence. Osborne’s exposure to “plein air” painting deeply impacted his stylistic development; and Orpen allied himself with a group of English artists, while at the same time participated in the French avant-garde experiment, both as painter and teacher.
However, nationalist energies were beginning to coalesce (接合)，reviving interest in Irish culture-including Irish visual arts. Beatrice Elvery’s (1907), a landmark achievement, merged the devotional simplicity of fifteenth-century Italian painting with the iconography (肖像画法) of Ireland’s Celtic past, linking the history of Irish Catholicism with the still-nasce t (初生的) Irish republic. And, although also captivated by the French plein air school, Sir John Lavery invoked the mythology of his native land for a 1928 commission to paint the central figure for the bank note of the new Irish Free State. Lavery chose as this figure, with her arm on a Celtic harp (竖琴)，the national symbol of independent Ireland.
In Irish painting from about 1910, memories of Edwardian romanticism coexisted with a new sense of realism,exemplified by the paintings of Paul Henry and Se Keating, a student of Orpen’s. realism also crept into the work of Edwardians Lavery and Orpen, both of whom made paintings depicting World WarⅠ,Lavery with a distanced Victorian nobility, Orpen closer to the front, revealing a more sinister and realistic vision. Meanwhile, counterpoint to the Edwardians and realists came Jack B. Yeats, whose travels throughout the rugged and more authentically Irish West led him to depict subjects ranging from street scenes in Dublin to boxing matches and funerals. Fusing close observations of Irish life and icons with an Irish identity in a new way, Yeats changed the face of Irish painting and became the most important Irishartist of his century.
1. Which of the following art most probably exerted the greatest influence on Irish painting in the 19th century?
A. British lyrical tradition B. French avant-garde experiment C. notionalist energies D. Italian painting
2. It is implied_________was least influenced by the contemporary art of Frence.
A. Sir John Lavery B. Sir William Orpen C. Beatrice Elvery D. Se Keating
3. Which of the following best explains the author’s use of the word “counterpoint” in referring to Yeats?
A. Yeats’ paintings differed significantly in subject matter from those of his contemporaries in Ireland.
B. Yeats reacted to the realism of his contemporary artists by invoking nineteenth-century naturalism in his own painting style.
C. Yeats avoided religious and mythological themes in favor of mundane portrayals of Irish life.
D. Yeats built upon the realism painting tradition, elevating it to unprecedented artistic heights.
4. The author points out the coexistence of romanticism and realism most probably in order to show that_________.
A. Irish painters of the early twentieth century tended to romanticize the harsh reality of war
B. for a time painters from each school influenced painters from the other school
C. Yeats was influenced by both the romantic and realist schools of Irish painting
D. the transition in Irish painting from one predominant style to the other was not an abrupt one
5. The most likely topic of the paragraph followed is _________.
A. The Role of Celtic Mythology in Irish Painting
B. Who Deserves Credit for the Preeminence of Yeats among Irish Painters?
C. Realism vs. Romanticism: Ireland’s Struggle for National Identity
D. Irish Paintings: Reflections of an Emerging Independent State
【答案】：AAADD
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