英语六级真题阅读长难句分析

2016年英语六级真题阅读长难句分析

　　1. It’s been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos, and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair. (2003. 阅读. 12. Text 1)

　　【译文】维他命已被证明能够减少胚胎的缺陷，并且最新试验证明叶酸和维生素B12以及B16的一种一起服用也能降低手术修复后动脉血管堵塞的可能性。

　　【析句】主句由and连接两个并列句，首先是It's been provedto limit the number of defects in embryos, it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，然后是a recent trialfound+宾语从句that folate in combination with...decreases the re-blockage of..., 注意in combinationwith用在句子中，谓语动词的单复数看前面的名词。

　　2. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.(2003. 阅读. 12. Text 1)

　　【译文】在某种程度上，尽管研究者们仍在努力研究意图发现维他命所起效果的真相，但是维他命对人体可能有的益处物超所值这种说法是有道理的。

　　【析句】复合句。主句it makes sense to say, 后面是省略了that的宾语从句the potential benefit outweighs the cost.主句前，while引导让步状语从句，figuring out后where the truth lies作宾语从句

　　3. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. (2003. 阅读. 12. Text 3)

　　【译文】关于人性是由什么组成的，人们众说纷纭，但是人们一致同意，人性中存在着某种本质，正是这种本质特性是人之所以为人的原因。

　　【析句】主句由but连接的两个成转折关系的并列句构成。前句是There were various views about+宾语从句，简单句。后句主句there was agreement, that such an essence exists，that there issomething同作agreement的同位语从句，两个并列的同位语从句间，that is to say作插入语。by virtue of which man is man在后一同位语从句中作定语从句修饰something.

　　4. Politiciansremind their voters of the splendid machines ‘our scientists’ have invented,the new drugs to relieve old ailments , and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable conditions may now betreated and lives saved. (2005. 阅读. 12. Text 3)

　　【译文】政客们提醒他们的拥护者，别忘了“我们的科学们”已经发明出精巧的机器，研究出消除病痛的新型药物和能治疗曾经的不治之症，挽救生命的新型医疗设备和技术。

　　【析句】复合句。主句Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines...,the new drugs...,and the new surgical equipment and techniques，用到了短语remind sb of sth，其中of后有三个并列的名词宾语，中心词是machines,drugs和equipment and techiniques，每个宾语后都有定语成分修饰，machines后是省略了引导词that的定语从句our scientists have invented,drugs后有不定式to relieve old ailments作定语，最后by which引导定语从句修饰he new surgical equipment and techniques.

　　5.Many havereservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit. (2005. 阅读. 12. Text 3)

　　【译文】许多科学家有不同意见，但在一个不利于追求真知和探究型创新精神的环境下，他们选择了有所保留。

　　【析句】主句Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in..., 由but连接两个并列句，in后what they perceive as a climate...是in的宾语从句。而hostile to the pursuit of understanding...and the idea of...是形容词作定语修饰a climate.

　　6.It questions theintegrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would liketo discredit scientists by representing then a venal. (2005. 阅读. 12. Text 3)

　　【译文】它质疑了一个人在一个把学术诚信作为最重要品质的专业领域内的诚信度，最终落入被那些想要借此污蔑科学家从而购买其成果的人手中。

　　【析句】复合句。主句It questions the integrity of individuals，and plays into the hands of those..., 由and连接两个并列句构成。前半句中，working in aprofession是现在分词作定语修饰individual，而profession后又有that引导的定语从句修饰;而后半句中，who would like to discredit scientists...是those的定语从句。

　　7. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of "structural racism", the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereo types and white indifference.(2006. 阅读. 6. Text 4)

　　【译文】21世纪美国民主最基本的问题是“结构性种族主义”，即社会经济不公平的深层模式的和长久以来积累的种族劣势，并不断在种族主义分子和冷漠的白人们的公共演讲鼓吹下正义化。

　　【析句】复合句。主句The fundamental problem is the problem of "structural racism",后面部份的中心词是the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disavantage...作structural racism的同位语，而disavantage后有定语从句that are coded...and justified...修饰。

　　8. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. (2006. 阅读. 6. Text 4)

　　【译文】更重要的是，这是一项教育活动，旨在强调当代存在的各种“种族赤字”，即不公平的环境影响了各阶层的黑人。

　　【析句】主句是It is an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of..., 其中，it在这里是真正的主语，替代前文中的内容。to highlight...是不定式作目的状语。the uneaual conditions作racial deficits的同位语，后有有that引导的定语从句修饰。

　　9. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital for mation that is a direct consequence of America’s history.(2006. 阅读. 6. Text 4)

　　【译文】结构性种族主义的障碍包括“权益的不公”，即黑人基础资金匮乏，这是由美国历史问题直接导致的结果。

　　【析句】本期的三个例句中都使用了主句+同位语+定语从句的结构。主句是Structural racism's barriers include...，include后两个名词宾语，后一个是the absence of black capital formation，that is a direct consequence of...作定语从句。

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