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12月英语六级仔细阅读练习题及答案
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character,became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international.
No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C.
The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is. uncertain, but events included boy's gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.
On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive laves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory.
Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities.
How their results compared with modem standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.
After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D.
They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.
Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.
The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carded by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it bums throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modem conception: the five inter locking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.
56. The Olympic Games became an international event since the games__________.
A. lost the previous religious meanings
B. were accepted by all Greek people
C. allowed foreign athletes to compete in it
D. got official records and judge systems
57. Compared with the modem Olympic Games, the ancient ones __________.
A. covered every possible events for males
B. did not give due respect to women
C.attracted people from different countries
D. had more sports events than the modem ones
58. In ancient Olympic Games, winners__________.
A. could not get any award in money form from organizers of the Games
B. could earn a lot of money through the award given by the organizers
C. could give his name to the year of his victory as a great honor
D. were honored by having a ring of olive leaves around their waists
59. According to the spirit of the ancient Olympic Games, __________.
A. wars between countries could be avoided through sports
B. competition in sports led to wars between countries
C. healthy mind could reinforce a healthy body
D. healthy mind could be fostered by a healthy body
60. When athletes arrive at the host country,__________.
A. the host country pays for their traveling expenses
B. they are always not satisfied with the living conditions
C. their countries have to pay for their expenditure
D. they use the training facilities immediately for adjustment.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Now and again I have had horrible dreams, but not enough of them to make me lose my delight in dreams. To begin with, I like the idea of dreaming, of going to bed and lying still and then, by some queer magic, wandering into another kind of existence. As a child I could never understand why grown-ups took dreaming so calmly when they could make such a fuss about any holiday. This still puzzles me. I am mystified (迷惑的) by people who say they never dream and appear to have no interest in the subject. It is much more astonishing than if they said they never went out for a walk. Most people Or at least more Western Europeans do not seem to accept dreaming as part of their lives. They appear to see it as an irritating little habit, like sneezing or yawning.
I have never understood this. My dream life does not seem as important as my waking fife, if only because there is far less of it, but to me it is important. As if there were at least two extra continents added to the world, and lightning excursions running to them at any moment between midnight and breakfast. Then again, the dream fife,though queer and confusing and unsatisfactory in many respects, has its own advantages. The dead are there,smiling and talking. The part is there, sometimes all broken and confused but occasionally as fresh as a daisy. And perhaps, as Mr. Dunne tells us, the future is there too, winking at us. This dream life is often overshadowed (蒙上阴影) by huge mysterious anxieties, with luggage that cannot be packed and trains that refuse to be caught; and both persons and scenes there are not as dependable and solid as they are in waking life, so that Brown and Smith merge into one person while Robinson splits into two, and there are thick woods outside the bathroom door and the dining room is somehow part of a theatre balcony; and there are moments of loneliness or terror in the dream word that are worse than anything we have known under the sun. Yet this other life has its interests, its happiness, its satisfactions, and at certain rare intervals, a serene glow or a sudden joy, like glimpses of another form of existence altogether, that we cannot match with open eyes. Silly or wise, terrible or excellent, it is a further helping of experience, a bonus after dark, another slice of life cut differently, for which, it seems to me, we are never sufficiently grateful. Only a dream! Why only? It was there and you had it.
"If there were dreams to sell," Beddoes inquires, "What would you pay?" I cannot say off hand, but certainly the price would be rather more than I could afford.
61. When the author was young, he thought that __________.
A. by dreaming people could live a better life indeed
B. he was puzzled by the mysterious quality of dreams
C. it was astonishing that adults loved holidays so much
D. it was a pity that adults could not enjoy dreams
62. According to the author, most Western Europeans __________.
A. have ignored the important aspects of dreams
B. don't know how to enjoy life in their dreams
C. value dreams very highly
D. think of sneezing when thinking of dreams
63. The advantageous aspect of dreams lies in __________.
A. the short moments it has relieved people from the burden of life
B. experiencing the impossible or unrealistic, even broken parts of life
C. the refreshing power it endows people when they wake up in the morning
D. the mystery it brings when in dream people can predict their future
64. In the author's opinion, we should thank a dream because__________.
A. it makes us enjoy a different life
B. we can avoid terrible things in real life
C. we can experience various emotions in dreams
D. it can help us regain the innocent moments of life
65. What can be inferred from the author's answer to Beddoes' question?
A. Dreams may be manufactured and sold in the near future.
B. The price of a dream is ridiculously higher than expected.
C. People are silly if they set a high value on dreams.
D. The value of dreams is greater than we've imagined.
Passage One
【参考译文】
在古希腊，运动节极其重要，并且具有很强的宗教意味。每四年举办一次的奥林匹亚运动节原本是纪念奥林匹亚众神之王宙斯的，最终却失去了其地方特性，首先成为国家级的赛事，[56]然后，在禁止外国参赛者参赛的规定被废除后，成了国际性赛事。没有人确切知道奥林匹亚运动会的历史有多久，但根据一些官方记录，可以追溯到公元前776年。
这一运动会是八月在奥林匹斯山旁的平原上进行的。成千上万的观众从希腊的四面八方聚集过来，[57]但是已婚女性是不准参加的，甚至是作为观众也不行。奴隶、女人及名声败坏的人不得参加比赛。赛程没有确切的顺序。比赛项目包括男子体操、拳击、摔跤、赛马以及田径，比起现代奥林匹克运动会，其所包含的运动要少一些。
在运动会最后一天，所有获胜者都会被授予荣誉——他们的头上将戴上由神圣的橄榄树叶编成的花环。甚至将用竞走获胜者的名字来命名他获胜的那一年，这可是无上的光荣。[58]尽管获胜者没有赛事奖金：但实际上他们会受到政府当局的丰厚奖赏。很可惜，他们所取得的成绩与现代标准相比如何，却是不得而知了。
这项运动会在持续进行了近1200年后，在公元394年被罗马人中断了。运动会之所以能延续这么久，是因为人们相信奥林匹克运动会所蕴含的理念：[59]有健康的身体才能有健全的精神，以及运动中所展现的竞赛精神比引发战争的竞争更为可取。一直到1500多年后——1896年，才在雅典再次出现了如此国际性的运动聚会。
如今，奥运会在不同国家轮流进行。[60]主办国会提供大量的设施，包括体育场、游泳池以及居住地.但是，参加竞赛的国家要为自己的运动员支付开销。
奥运会以火炬到达体育场为开始，火炬是在奥林匹斯山上由太阳光引燃的，并由一个接一个的选手送到体育场。这个火炬象征着古希腊运动理念的延续，在整个奥运会期间，火炬会一直燃烧，直至闭幕式。然而，著名的奥运会会旗却是现代人构想出来的：五环相扣象征着参与运动会的五大洲紧密团结。
【答案解析】
56.C
定位：根据题干信息词international定位到第一段倒数第二句。
解析：由该句可知：“……在禁止外国参赛者参赛的规定被废除后，(奥运会)成了国际性赛事。”因此C项与原文意思相符，故为答案。
57.B
定位：根据题干信息词modern和ancient定位到第二段第二、三句。
解析：由原文可知：“已婚女性是不准参加的，甚至是作为观众也不行。奴隶、女人及名声败坏的人不得参加比赛。”可见，古代奥运会排斥女性，没有给女性应有的尊重。故B项为正确答案。文中提到，比起现代奥林匹克运动会，古代奥运会所包含的运动要少一些，由此可排除A和D。文中只是说“成千上万的观众从希腊的四面八方聚集过来”，并没有说从各个国家，也可排除C。
58.A
定位：根据题干信息词ancient和winners定位到第三段第三句。
解析：由该句可知：“尽管获胜者没有赛事奖金，但实际上他们会受到政府当局的丰厚奖赏。”获胜者不会从奥运会组织者那里得到金钱奖励。故A项与文意相符，为正确答案。同时也可排除B项。文中说：“他们的头上将戴上由神圣的橄榄树叶编成的花环。甚至将用竞走获胜者的名字来命名他获胜的那一年……”C项和D项都与文意不符，均可排除。
59.D
定位：根据题干信息词the spirit定位到第四段第二句。
解析：该句讲述奥运会的精神，申明“有健康的身体才能有健全的精神，以及运动中所展现的竞赛精神比引发战争的竞争更为可取”。因此D项与原文相符，故为答案。C项与文意相悖，故排除;而A、B两项是对原文的曲解，也可排除。
60.C
定位：根据题干信息词hostcountry定位到第五段第二句。
解析：关于主办国，本句指出：“主办国会提供大量的设施，包括体育场、游泳池以及居住地，但是，参加竞赛的国家要为自己的运动员支付开销。”c项与原文相符，故为答案。
Passage Two
【参考译文】
我不时就会做噩梦，但是这些噩梦却不足以夺走我从梦中得到的快乐。首先，我喜欢做梦，喜欢上床睡觉，静静躺着，然后凭借着某种神奇的魔力，漫游进入另一个世界。[61]当我还是个孩子时，我绝对不能理解为什么成年人谈起梦时能如此平静，但一说到度假.却夸夸其谈。大惊小怪。这一点现在仍让我困惑。
如果有人说他们从没做过梦或者看上去对这个话题不感兴趣，我就会感到困惑不已。这可比他们说从未出去散过步更令人惊讶。[62]大多数人，或者至少可以说，大多数西方人似乎都没把做梦当做他们生活的一部分。他们似乎把它看做一个恼人的小习惯，就像打喷嚏或打哈欠一样。
我从来就不理解这种想法。我的梦中生活似乎没有清醒时的生活重要，这只是因为梦中生活更为短暂。但是，对我来说，梦是很重要的。这就像世界上多了至少两块大陆，并且，在午夜到早餐之间，我们会随时短暂而快速地远游至此。[63]其次，尽管从很多方面看，梦中的生活很奇怪、混乱且无法令人满意。它却有着自身的优势。死者在那里谈笑风生。过去的片段在那里，有时支离破碎、一片混乱。但有时,它却活灵活现。而且，就像邓恩先生告诉我们的那样，或许未来也在那里冲我们眨眼呢。这种梦中生活经常会因巨大的、诡秘的焦虑而蒙上阴影：行李无法打包，赶不上火车等，那里的人和景不像现实生活中那样可靠、有形。因此，布朗和史密斯融合成一个人，而罗宾逊却分裂成了两个人。浴室门口有茂密的森林，而饭厅却莫名其妙地成了某个剧院阳台的一部分。此外，梦中的生活里还会有比现实生活中我们所知的人和事物都糟糕的孤独或恐怖的时刻。然而，这另一种生活里有着它自身的乐趣、幸福及满足感。而且，在某些罕见的时刻会出现一道宁静的光芒或一阵突如其来的快乐，仿佛另一种生命形式的惊鸿一瞥，它是我们睁开眼睛后所不能看到的。[64]不管梦是愚昧的或机智的、可怕的或极好的.它都是经验提供的另一份食物、黑夜提供的一份红利，是用不同方法切割出来的另一片生命蛋糕。在我看来，我们应该为此感到无尽的感激。只是一场梦!为什么说只是?它就在那里，而你也拥有过它了。
贝多斯问：“如果有梦出售的话，你会付出什么去购买?”[65]我无法随口说出，但是，梦的价格必定是我支付不起的。
【答案解析】
61.D
定位：根据题干信息词young定位到第一段第三句。
解析：由该句可知，在孩提时代，作者不能理解为什么成人谈起梦时能如此平静，但一说到度假，却夸夸其谈，大惊小怪。联系上一句，作者认为做梦时能凭借着某种神奇的魔力，漫游进入另一个世界。由此可见，他觉得大人们不会享受梦境，这很可惜。因此D项与文意相符，故为答案。
62.A
定位：根据题干信息词Western Europeans定位到第一段最后两句。
解析：文中指出：“……大多数西方人似乎都没把做梦当做他们生活的一部分。他们似乎把它看做一个恼人的小习惯，就像打喷嚏或打哈欠一样。”由此可见他们心里没把梦当回事。可知A项与原文意思相符.故为答案。
63.B
定位：根据题干信息词advantageous定位到第二段第四句至第六句。
解析：该段第四句末提出梦有优势。接着展开论述：“死者在那里谈笑风生。过去的片段在那里，有时支离破碎、一片混乱，但有时，它却活灵活现。”由此可见，在梦境中，我们可以经历那些不可能的、不现实的，甚至是破碎的生活片段。故B项与文意相符，为正确答案。
64.A
定位：根据题干信息词thank a dream定位到第二段倒数第四句。
解析：该句指出：“……它都是经验提供的另一份食物、黑夜提供的一份红利，是用不同方法切割出来的另一片生命蛋糕。在我看来，我们应该为此感到无尽的感激。”该句中which引导的定语从句内容与题干空格前部分相符，根据逻辑关系可知，which从句前的内容就是原因。将which前的内容进行概括后可知，我们感激梦，因为它带给我们另一种不同的生活。故A项总结得最为准确，为正确答案。
65.D
定位：根据题干信息词Beddoes定位到最后一段。
解析：最后一段第一句引出Beddoes的提问，接着是作者对关于梦的价值的回答。作者认为“……梦的价格必定是我付不起的”。由此可见，作者认为梦的价格很贵，即梦具有很高的价值。对比四个选项，只有D项符合文意。
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