英语四级考试模拟练习试题
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part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)
directions:there are four reading passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions. for each question there are four suggested answers marked a,b,c and d.you should choose the one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a pencil.
passage 1
david thomson is an electronics technician, trained by the u.s. navy, wrist is surrounded by a force field that can broadcast emotions to other human beings. the ability to receive such force fields, thomson believes, explains how one can sense another's fear, nervousness, aggression, panic, or friendliness.
this theory of emotional communication occurred to thomson when he told a psychiatrist(精神病医生), dr. jack ward, that he was certain his own hypertension(高血压，过度紧张) made those near him uncomfortable. to demonstrate the theory, thomson constructed a transmitter capable of generating an electromagnetic field similar to that of a man beset by hyper anxiety(过度焦虑). for a year, with this in his pocket, thomson made people miserable. he would find a hungry man delightedly preparing to eat a steak in a restaurant, turn on the transmitter, and watch as the man became tense and irritable and finally left with his steak uneaten. in another test, thomson cleared a crowded room in fifteen minutes. such an exodus(出去) could not be due, thomson observed, to personality problems alone.
dr. ward, who had become thomson's partner, insisted that there was already misery enough in the world.thomson fashioned a "happiness transmitter," which can duplicate the force field of a contented man. university psychologists in the united states report some encouraging results in current tests of the thomson-and-ward transmitter.
the "happiness machine" has many possibilities. thomson has speculated on its use near disturbed or anxious patients in hospitals, and in unruly crowds. tranquility(平静), like panic and violence, may be contagions(传染性的).
1. the theory is based on belief in the existence of .分析与解答
a.complicated equipment
b. individual force fields
c. nervousness
d.aggression
2. the theory occurred to thomson because he was convinced that people near him .分析与解答
a.could hypnotize him
b. could make him feel uncomfortable
c. were reading his thoughts
d were affected by his hypertension
3. for his first demonstrations, thomson chose people who .分析与解答
a.were in a happy mood
b. seemed hyper anxious
c. were aggressive
d.both b and c
4. the thomson-and-ward transmitter was constructed because .分析与解答
a.university psychologists suggested it
b. the "misery machine" had not worked
c. dr. ward felt there was misery enough
d.police forces asked for it
5. thomson has speculated on .分析与解答
a.some helpful uses of a "happiness machine"
b. possible wrongful uses of a "happiness machine"
c. the disadvantages of a tranquil population
d.the final report on the psychologists' tests
passage 2
just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. today the number stands at 1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will to 3,000 million—more than half the world's estimated population. by the year 2000 an estimated 650 million people will crowd into 60 cities of five million or more—three quarters of them in the developing worl d.only a single first world city—metropolitan tokyo, which will have 24 million people—is expected to be among the global top five; london, ranked second in 1950 with ten million people, will not even make 2000's top 25.in places where rates of natural population increase exceed three per cent annually—meaning much of the third world—that alone is enough to double a city's population within 20 years. but equally powerful are the streams of hopeful migrants from the countryside.
what faces and confuses urban planners is the huge scale of these trends. there have never been cities of 30 million people, let alone ones dependent on roads, sewer and water supplies barely adequate for urban areas a tenth that size. and the flood of new arrivals in swelling third world cities far overtakes the supply of jobs—particularly as modern industries put a premium on technology rather than manpower. so it will be virtually impossible to find permanent employment for 30 to 40 per cent of the 1,000 million new city inhabitants expected by the year 2000.
despite the terrible conditions that the city newcomers face, their numbers are growing at rates as much as twice that of the cities themselves—and every step taken to improve their living conditions in the slums only attracts more migrants.
6. which of the following is the main topic of this passage? 分析与解答
a.the increase of world population.
b. the improvement of urban living conditions.
c. the migrants from the countryside and their unemployment.
d.the expansion of cities and its consequences.
7. the author uses tokyo as an example mainly to show that . 分析与解答
a.the biggest cities will still be in first world countries
b. its development speed will be greater than that of london
c. most of the biggest cities will be in the third world countries
d.japanese will keep control of the growth of big cities such as tokyo
8. which of the following is not true according to the passage? 分析与解答
a.over half of the world's population will move to cities by 2000.
b. the order of the world's biggest cities will be changed fundamentally by the year 2000.
c. the world population will reach about 6,000 million by 2000.
d.the poor countries will suffer more from the expansion of cities by 2000.
9. according to the last paragraph, all of the following are true except that . 分析与解答
a.development of modern technology will reduce the use of manpower
b. urban planers will have no past experiences to borrow
c. the growth of urban population is faster than that of cities
d.the improvement of urban living conditions is to attract more migrants from the countryside 10. the expression “put a premium on" in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by . 分析与解答
a.are in need of
b. devote much attention to
c. have no lack of
d.think little of
passage 3
for some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. but it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives" as thirst or hunger. in other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink, some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
it is now clear that this is not so. babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. so he began to study the children's response in situation where no milk was provided.he quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on" a display of lights - and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble" when the display came on. papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights that pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
11. according to the author, babies learn to do things which . 分析与解答
a.are directly related to pleasure
b. will meet their physical needs
c. will bring them a feeling of success
d.will satisfy their curiosity
12. papousek noticed in his studies that a baby . 分析与解答
a.would make learned response when it saw the milk
b. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
c. would continue the simple movements without being given milk
d.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drinkf.
13. in papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to . 分析与解答
a.have the lights turned on
b. be rewarded with milk
c. please their parents
d.be praised
14. the babies would “smile and bubble" at the lights because . 分析与解答
a.the lights were directly related to some basic “drives"
b. the sight of the lights was interesting
c. they need not turn back to watch the lights
d.they succeeded in “switching on" the lights
15. according to papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of .分析与解答
a.a basic human desire to understand and control the world
b. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
c. their strong desire to solve complex problems
d.a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
passage 4
in recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied.but do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? there is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers' life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. as far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor.
other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. the problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. in most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. it would seem that not only is the degree of workers' contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.
to what extent more money led to greater productivity? the workers themselves certainly think this is important. but perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. a similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
16. which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?分析与解答
a.to make jobs more varied.
b. to give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.
c. degree of work contribution.
d.demands for longer working hours.
17. why workers want more money?分析与解答
a.because their jobs are too boring.
b. in order to enjoy more spare time.
c. to make their jobs more interesting.
d.to demand shorter working hours.
18. the last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting .分析与解答
a.they will want more money
b. they will demand shorter working hours
c. more money and shorter working hours are important factors
d.more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them
19. in this passage, the author tells us .分析与解答
a.how to make the workers more productive
b. possible factors leading to greater efficiency
c. to what extent more money lead to greater productivity
d.how to make workers' jobs more interesting
20. the author of this passage is probably a .分析与解答
a.teacher
b. worker
c. manager
d.physicist
part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a., b., c. and d. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
21. in the active form is acceptable, but not the passive.分析与解答
a.all your four sentences
b. your all four sentences
c. all the four sentences
d.the four your sentences all
22. are you sure that the blue umbrella is the ?分析与解答
a.jones's
b. joneses'
c. joneses
d.jones'
23. the fundamental which govern all physical processes are also related to many everyday occurrences.分析与解答
a.principals
b. principles
c. rules
d.regulations
24. a foreign language is a weapon in , as marx put it.分析与解答
a.struggle of life
b. struggle of the life
c. the struggle of life
d.the struggle of the life
25. they don't object the meeting until friday.分析与解答
a.to our postponing
b. that we postpone
c. for postponing
d.to postpone
26. it is known to us all that mr. abel is .分析与解答
a.the alive happiest man
b. the happiest alive man
c. the most happy man alive
d.the unhappiest man alive
27. “that is a very good you've just put forward," said professor fu.分析与解答
a.advice
b. description
c. suggestion
d.information
28. mary would never have gone to the party that mike would be there too.分析与解答
a.she didn't know
b. if had she known
c. had she known
d.she would have known
29. the american company whose chemical factory in india exploded will have to the loss of human lives.分析与解答
a.make for
b. offer a reward for
c. compensate
d.repay for
30. we were all overjoyed at the news the experiment turned out a success.分析与解答
a.which
b. that
c. when
d.what
31. can you tell me the for applying for citizenship in this country?分析与解答
a.procedures
b. processes
c. stages
d.at the same time
32. advertisers claim that almost everyone loves to get something for .分析与解答
a.nothing
b. something
c. luck
d.nought
33. the spring festival is always a happy time for .分析与解答
a.both adults and we children
b. both adults and us children
c. both adults and we, children as well
d.both adults and us, children as well
34. my experience ought to be a warning to those who are too in their own opinions.分析与解答
a.sure
b. certain
c. sensitive
d.confident
35. “what on earth is that?" “don't you know? that's a whale, ."分析与解答
a.largest world's mammal
b. a largest mammal in the world
c. the world's largest mammal
d.largest mammal of the world
36. i beg to tomorrow's meeting.分析与解答
a.be excused from attending
b. be excused to attend
c. be excused not to attend
d.excuse from being attended
37. he was to suspend his experiment because he was seriously ill.分析与解答
a.compelled
b. repelled
c. combined
d.propelled
38. the old man can't hope to his cold in a few days.分析与解答
a.get away
b. get off
c. get over
d.get out
39. clever students quickly what the teachers have taught them in class.分析与解答
a.swallow
b. gulp
c. absorb
d.devour
40. tom is in favour of going to the movies, jack insists on playing basketball.分析与解答
a.would be raised
b. were raised
c. would have been raised
d.be raised
41. the dog, we should have reached the destination and accomplish the task.分析与解答
a.but for
b. in case of
c. because of
d.if not
42. i couldn't what you have suggested, it is unreasonable.分析与解答
a.accede to
b. believe in
c. oppose to
d.argue about
43. she often behaves like a child.分析与解答
a.as old is she
b. as old she is
c. old as is she
d.old as she is
44. the reform club proposed that wages .分析与解答
a.would be raised
b. were raised
c. would have been raised
d.be raised
45. a question arises how we shall refit the equipment.分析与解答
a.as for
b. as to
c. as regards to
d.as
46. they resigned take part in such a dishonest transaction.分析与解答
a.instead of
b. than
c. in place of
d.rather than
47. , the defendant was innocent of the crime for which he had been tried.分析与解答
a.without the doubt
b. out of doubts
c. on all accounts
d.out of accounts
48. those who cannot their promises should not be trusted.分析与解答
a.delay
b. remain
c. keep
d.retain
49. , girls are better at language than. 分析与解答
a.big and large
b. by and near
c. by and great boys.
d.by and large
50. “is george really leaving in the university?”
“yes, but would you mind to anyone?”分析与解答
a.not mentioning if
b. not mention it
c. not to mention it
d.not to mentioning it
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