英语四级翻译练习
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section A
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
端午节
端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)是中国的传统节日之一，为每年农历五月初五。它与春节、清明节和中秋节并称为中国汉族的四大传统节日。端午节的来源有多种说法，但最被人们接受的是为了纪念著名爱国诗人屈原。这一天的习俗有吃粽子、赛龙舟、喝雄黄酒(realgar wine)等。从2008年起，端午节正式列入国家法定节日，这既有助于弘扬传统文化，又能适应人们的需要。
参考翻译:
Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival is one of Chinese traditionalfestivals. It's on the fifth day of the fifth lunarmonth. It is known as one of the four majortraditional festivals of Han Chinese together withthe Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. A number of theoriesexist about its origins, but the best accepted one is that it's for memorizing the famouspatriotic poet Qu Yuan. On this day, people have the customs of eating zongzi(rice dumpling),racing dragon boats and drinking realgar wine, etc. In 2008, it was recognized as a publicholiday in mainland China for the first time which cannot only help spread this traditionalculture but also meet the need of people.
1.农历:即阴历，“农历五月初五”即可翻译为on the fifthday of the fifth lunar month。
2.与…并称为:可以翻译为 known as...together with...。
3.端午节的来源有多种说法:不要一看见“有”字，就仅想到there are... “有” 也可以指“存在”，翻译时要注意合理的`选词及句式的多变。“说法”也可翻译为theories。
4.粽子:可译为rice dumpling,也可直接添加拼音标注。
5.法定节假日:应译为public holiday。为了精确起见，中国的法定节日可加上地域限制in mainlandChina。
section B
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
茶文化
中国是一个文化历史悠久的(time-honored )国度，也是一个礼仪(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每当客人来访，都需要泡茶给客人喝。在给客人奉茶之前，你应该问问他们都喜欢喝什么类型的茶，并采用最合适的茶具奉上。奉茶期间，主人需要仔细留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就应该加开水，这样，茶杯就一直都是满的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。
参考翻译:
Chinese Tea Culture
China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make andserve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet.
1.一个文化历史悠久的国度：可译为a country with atime-honored civilization。核心词“国度”前的修饰语可采用with来进行关联。
2.都需要泡茶给…：可译为 it is necessary to make andserve tea to...此处的.分句中原文没有给出明确的主语，所以采用it is necessary to do sth.这样的结构。此处如果采用增译法，可增加主语“我们”或者“主人”。
3.奉茶：指提供茶给客人，可译为serve tea。
4.在茶喝完一半之后：可译为after half of the tea in it has been consumed。此处的it指代的是cup。为了避免与前文重复，此处可用it来进行替代。
5.应该加开水：可译为boiling water should be added。boiling water 意为“沸水，开水”。
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