2017英语四级语法讲解

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2017英语四级语法讲解

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2017英语四级语法讲解

　　1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。

　　【例如】

　　The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. This instrument must be handled with great care. In this sense, bad things can be turnedsintosgood things.

　　2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

　　【例如】

　　The delegation was given a warm send-off at the airport. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparation.

　　3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补语”结构变为被动语态时，原句中的宾语补语成为主语补语。能用这种结构的动词有：declare, call, consider, elect, appoint, nominate, find, leave, like, make, prefer, think, want等。

　　【例如】

　　She was nominated a member of the council. Professor Smith was appointed the head of the Philosophy Department.

　　4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to.

　　【例如】

　　A stranger was seen to walksintosthe building. She was made to clean the floor.

　　5)某些感官动词加形容词可以表示被动意义。

　　【例如】

　　The dish tastes delicious.The apple smells sweet.

　　6) It+be+过去分词+that从句，或主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.

　　【例如】

　　It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam. It was reported that 60% students in the university had passed CET-6.60% students in the university were reported to have passed CET-6.　1)某些表示状态或者特征的及物动词没有被动语态形式。这类动词常见的有：beg，equal，fail，hold，possess，fit，become，contain，cost，fit，have，lack，resemble,(相似)，suit等。

　　【例如】

　　This new English-Chinese dictionary cost me ten dollars.

　　2)某些动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如：cook, read, shut, smell, taste, wash, write, prove.

　　【例如】

　　Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. The theory proved right after a series of experiments.

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