2018年英语高考北京模拟试卷及答案
随着英语高考制度的改革,英语淡出高考已成为一种趋势，但多做英语模拟试卷也是有必要的，毕竟英语还是高考的一部份，以下是百分网小编为你整理的2018年英语高考北京模拟试卷，希望能帮到你。
2018年英语高考北京模拟试卷题目
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完毎段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What do we learn from the conversation?
A. The man hates to lend his tools to other people.
B. The man hasn’t finished working on the bookshelf.
C. The man lost those tools.
2. What do we know about the man?
A. He doesn’t like his job.
B. He will not give up his job.
C. He has a large family to support
3. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
A.Classmates. B. Teacher and student C. Headmaster and teacher.
4. Who is worried about gaining weight?
A.The son. B. Aunt Louise. C. The mother.
5. Why doesn’t the woman buy the coat? .
A.It is expensive. B. There isn't her size. C. She doesn’t like the color.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1分,满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D个选项中选出最佳选项，并标注在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，冋答6、7题。
6. What is the woman probably?
A.A hotel clerk. B. A house agent. C. A shop assistant,
7. What is the pillow filled with?
A.Cotton. B. Dried flowers. C. A special material.
听第7段材料，冋答8、9题。
8. What kind of skills does the woman not have?
A.Operating computers. B. Doing business. C. Typing.
9.Which company did the woman work in?
A. A trading company and a trust company.
B. A trust company.
C. A trading company.
听第8段材料，回答10至12题。
10. What's wrong with the woman's mother?
A. She has been sick.
B. She misses her family and friends.
C.She can't earn enough to support her family.
11. Where does the woman live?
A.In America. B. In India. C. In Britain.
12. What does the woman plan to do next year?
A. Study a new language.
B. Travel to India.
C. Visit her father's native country.
听第9段材料，回答13至16题。
13. How many Economics lectures will the man attend every week?
A. 5 times, from Monday to Friday.
B. Two times, on Thursday and Friday.
C. Two times, on Tuesday and Thursday.
14. Why did the man miss the meeting for the new students yesterday?
A. Because he hadn’t received any notice about that meeting.
B. Because he had to attend the group discussion.
C. Because he had to do some part time jobs yesterday.
15. If a student wants to earn the scholarship, what is the required attendance rate?
A. 80% B. 90% C. 100%
16. Which of the following statements is not true according to the conversation?
A. The man is a grade one student in the university.
B. The man has to work after school.
C. The man thinks the time of the lecture is too early.
听第10段材料，回答17至20题。
17. How long has the speaker lived in a big city?
A. One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years.
18. What is the speaker's opinion on public transport?
A. It's comfortable. B. It's time-saving. C. It's cheap.
19. What is good about living in a small town?
A. It’s safer. B. It’s healthier. C. It’s more convenient.
20. What kind of life do the speakers seem to like most?
A. Busy. B. Colorful. C. Quiet.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节单项填空(共15题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出S佳选项，并在答题卡该项涂黑。
21. The death of the closest relatives, almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable.
A. which. B. who C. as D. the one
22. Purchases online are to be believed provided that you and the seller have communicated and reached a compromise the wishes of both parties. A. in defense of B. in view of C. in line with D. in company with
23. there is supply and demand, there is commerce.
A. When B. Where C. Even if D. As if
24.Despite his death, Castro's courage and wisdom are always believed a new generation of political leaders in Latin America.
A. to inspire B. inspiring C. to have inspired D. having inspired
25. The fact that China was excluded from the negotiations of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) led many to believe that it was at least partially engineered to China’s economic rise.
A. counter B. clarify C. conclude D. rebel
26. 一I’ve heard that Miss Xue has been awarded first prize in the composition contest. What about you?
—Oh, actually, it’s a piece of cake for her but for me.
A. child’s play B. as easy as pie C. a cup of tea D. a hard nut to crack
27. The Chinese embassy didn’t directly solve my problem, but I feel thankful that it me some advice, even if it wasn’t exactly conventional.
A. had offered B. would offer C. offers D. offered
28.In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air.
A. disapproval B. applause C. affection D. direction
29. All rights reserved. Above the content does not have to reprint without myself-pertnission, thanks!
A. arbitrarily B. randomly C. offensively D. optionally
30. —Being young generations in China, they take up all of the challenges and opportunities that this country offers?
一Absolutely.
A. mustn’t B. mightn’t C. shouldn’t D. couldn’t
31. Can Operation Mekong, a bloody and cruel and violent real-life tale,
an entertaining 90 minutes in the movie theater?
A. account for B. push for C. make for D. head for
32. With millions of graduates and unemployed recent graduates hitting the job market, 2016 is to be yet another year of exceedingly difficult job hunting for young Chinese.
A.bound B. essential C. fundamental D. sensitive
33. He lived outside conventional ideas, he implied, because “I live alone mostly, in the middle of .”
somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere
34. He’s never thought of getting addicted to drugs and destructive clangers they will bring him.
A.how B. whether C. what D. whose
35. To realize his dream as a pianist, he practicing playing it in all his free time.
A.hired himself out B. threw himself into
C.resigned himself to D. wrestled himself with
第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡该项涂黑。
Hiro walked up to the microphone. He looked out at the huge crowd and felt a heaviness in the pit of his stomach. They were all 36 at him, waiting.
“Uh, hi，” Hiro said into the microphone. For a moment, his mind went 37 , Then he saw Tadashi’s face in the audience. He was smiling and giving Hiro a thumbs-up.
Hiro smiled back and took a 38 . “Sorry. My name is Hiro Hamada, and I’ve been working on something I think is pretty cool. I hope you like it.”
Hiro put on a headset and reached into his hoodie(连帽衫). He 39 a small object no bigger than a paper clip. “This is a microbot.” The small object in his hand took a bow. “It doesn’t look like much but when it links up with the rest of its fellows, things get a little more interesting.”
The crowd didn’t seem 40 . Then a murmur rose as the audience noticed waves of tiny mircrobots twisting across the floor. The single microbot flew from Hiro’s 41 and joined a towering column of microbots that had now formed onstage.
Hiro smiled and tapped his headset. “The microbots are 42 with this neural transmitter(神经传导器).” He took the headset off and the microbots collapsed to the floor. They reformed into a column as soon as Hiro put the headset back on.
“I think of what I want them to do,” Hiro said, “and they do it!” The microbots took the 43 of a hand waving. Everyone in the audience smiled and waved back. “The 44 of this tech are limitless. Take construction.”
Hiro stared at the microbots, and with a wave of his hand, they picked up cinder(煤渣)blocks and assembled them into a tower. “ 45 used to take teams of people working by hand for months or years can now be 46 by one person!”
“And that’s just the 47 Hiro said as he jumped off the tower. Everyone gasped, thinking he was about to 48 ,but the microbots rose and 49 him midair. Hiro smiled. He could see Tadashi giving him another 5O .
“How about 51 ?”Hiro asked. The microbots transformed into a set of legs that 52 Hiro through the audience. “Microbots can move anything, anywhere, 53 . ”
As they approached the stage, the microbots formed a set of 54 so Hiro could climb back up to it. “If you can think it, the microbots can do it!” Hiro said.
The audience was with him now. The moment belonged to Hiro, and he was on a roll. “The only limit is your 55 ! Microbots!” he exclaimed, and the audience burst into applause.
36.A. smiling B. shouting C. staring D. glancing
37.A. open B. blank C. down D. away
38.A. sigh B. look C. seat D. breath
39.A. put away B. took out C. picked out D. set in
40.A. worried B. exhausted C. delighted D. impressed
41.A. hand B. pocket C. position D. headset
42.A. charged B. controlled C. constructed D. conducted
43.A. picture B. place C.shape D. sight
44.A. applications B. instructions C. meUiods D. meanings
45.A. It B. There C. What D. That
46.A. destroyed B. accomplished C. accessed D. occupied
47.A. story B. feeling C. challenge D. beginning
48.A. fall B. break C. leave D. decline
49.A. sought B. caught C. chased D. stopped
50.A. thumbs-up B. look C. applause D. reward
51.A. operation B. construction C. transportation D. reception
52.A. removed B. walked C. ran D. led
53.A. with caution B. without hesitation C. without order D. with ease
54.A. legs B. blocks C. stairs D. stages
55.A. imagination B. determination C. courage D. confidence
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡该项涂黑。
A
New Scientist Event
Instant Expert— How Your Brain Works
Saturday, 20 May 2017from 10:00 to 17:00
London, United Kingdom
Ever wondered how your brain works? How that stuff in your head enables you to see, hear and think about the world around you, make decisions and act on them? Join six leading scientists to explore what we know about 4fcthe most difficult kilo of matter in the universe”.
The day will be chaired by psychologist and presenter of BBC Radio 4’s All in the mirtd，Claudia Hammond. ’
Overview:
The brain has long been a source of fascination. In 1819, the radical(激进的)thinker and surgeon William Lawrence put it like this: “It’s strongly suspected that a Newton or Shakespeare excels other men only ... by having an extra inch of brain in the right place.”
Today, many such suspicions are certainties. This event will introduce you to the evolution of the brain. We’ll study technique for controlling the brain using electric and magnetic fields, as well as the latest technologies that follow you to control the outside world using your mind alone.
l Topics covered will include:
l Evolution of the brain
l How memory makes us human
l Emotion
l Sleep and brain
Booking information:
l The event will be held in Brunei Auditorium at RCGP/30 Euston Square. And doors to the Auditorium will open at 9:15 am.
l We require the name of each person attending — please ensure this is provided at the time of booking.
l The schedule for the day will be confirmed closer to the event, and will be emailed to all ticket holders.
l A minimum of 100 early bird discounted tickets are available priced at £129 (saving £20 on the full ticket price of £149).
56. What can attendees learn from the event?
A. How much their brain weighs.
B. How their sleep is related to their brain
C. Whether they can act on decisions they made.
D. How their brain is controlled by electric and magnetic fields.
57. When people book tickets, they are .
A. required to offer their email address
B. likely to be told the schedule for the event
C. required to decide when to enter the Auditorium
D. likely to enjoy a discount if they promise to come to the event early
B
How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet debatable social policy questions.
In many ways, our social statistics overstate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same horrible consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of survival, and when there were fewer effective social programs for those failing in the tabor market. Increasing wealth, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing dominance of secondary earners among the unemployed and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably relieved the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overestimate the scale of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the majority are from multiple-eamer, relatively well-off families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market'problems.
Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or long-time unemployment frequently interact to weaken the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the y^ar is several times that unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment totals, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly,disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and non-cash transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.
As a result of such conflicting evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be counteracted(抵消)by job creation and economic stimulation. There is only one area of agreement in this debate~that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one of their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems. ’
58. In Pararaph 2, the author contrasts the 1930’s with the present in order to show that .
A. more people were unemployed in the 1930，s
B. unemployment is more intolerable today
C. social programs are more in need now
D. income level has increased since the 1930’s
59. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. A majority of low-wage workers receive earnings from more than one job.
B. Repetition of short-term unemployment mainly contributes to people’s loss of working capacity.
C. Many unemployed people are from families where other members are working.
D. Labor market hardship is understated because fewer individuals are jobless than counted.
60. It can be inferred from the passage that the effect of income transfers is often not felt by .
A. those doing a low-paid, part-time job
B. children in single-eamer families
C. workers who have just retired
D. full-time workers who become unemployed
61. Which of the following is the principal topic of the passage?
A. What causes labor market problems that result in suffering.
B. Why income statistics are imprecise in measuring degrees of poverty.
C. When poverty, employment, and earnings figures agree with each other.
D. How statistics give an unclear picture of the labor-market-related suffering.
C
Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices? The solution may be just a few steps away.
“Energy harvesting” promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body’s movement or heat. Dozens of companies around the world already offer such products, but many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things.
“It’s huge，” said Graham Martin, CEO of the EnOcean Alliance, a San Ramon-based group of businesses that promotes wireless energy-harvesting technologies. With the Internet of Things expected to combine billions of devices, “if they are all battery-powered, we’ll have a problem because there’s not enough lithium(锂)in the world，” he added. “So a lot of them will have to use energy harvesting.”
Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge. Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now, the concept is being considered for a number of other devices.
In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded $5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person’s body and a special piece of clothing they’d wear into electricity for mobile devices.
Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person’s nervous system or treat their diseases.
A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person's heartbeat or other vital signs. Research firm lDTechEx has estimated that annual global sales of energy-harvesting products could hit $2.6 billion by 2024, while WinterGreen Research predicts sales of $4.2 billion by 2019.
Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motion that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them，according to a Columbia University study. It determined that taller people on average provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling.
It’s also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products. While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years, experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.
62. Which “explode” in the following sentences has the most similar meaning to the word “explode” in Paragraph 2?
A. They were clearing up when the second bomb exploded.
B. The continued tension could explode into more violence.
C. The population exploded to 40,000 during the last tourist season.
D. The boss exploded when he heard of the resignation of the secretary.
63. What makes “energy harvesting” necessary according to the passage?
A. The waste of lithium in the world.
B. The increasing number of electronic devices.
C. The development of technology.
D. The pollution caused by batteries.
64. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. energy-harvesting products save money in the long run
B. taller people can surely produce a larger amount of power
C.automatic watches harvest energy from the users’ body heat
D.two ways of harvesting energy are mentioned in the passage
65. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Energy harvesting: a low-risk technology
B. Energy harvesting: a high-profit technology
C. Energy harvesting: a problem-free technology
D. Energy harvesting: an environment-friendly technology
D
He fascinated Victorian England with his unequalled skill at brilliant cases, based on logical reasoning and grasp of forensic(法医的)science, not to mention a mastery of disguises(伪装)and an encyclopedic knowledge of the criminal underclass.
But this detective was not Sherlock Holmes but a real life investigator, Jerome Caminada, who, new research suggests, helped inspire Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s celebrated hero.
A biography of Caminada written by Angela Buckley reveals a series of striking similarities between him and the fictional character, in terms of their unusual methods and character. It also establishes strong echoes between the real detective’s cases and plot lines used by Doyle.
The son of an Italian father and Irish mother, Caminada was based in Manchester, but was involved in cases which took him across the country, and he enjoyed a nationwide profile in the press, where accounts of his legend were widely reported.
Most of his career was spent with Manchester City Police Force although he later operated, like Holmes, as a “consulting detective”.
He became well-known in the mid 1880s, shortly before Sherlock Holmes made his first appearance in A Study in Scarlet and parallels soon emerged between the two.
As the fictional character relied on a network of underworld contacts~the Baker Street Irregulars~so Caminada was known for his extensive web of informers, whom he would often meet in the back seat of a church. •
These characters helped him build up an encyclopedic knowledge of the Criminal fratemity(兄弟会)， among whom he would often move in disguise—another method in coptnQn with Holmes.
His skill with disguises was so renowned that on one occasion, while tracking a group of thieves at the Grand National dressed as a laborer, his own chief police officer was unable to recognise him.
. However, he also posed as white collar professionals, once while bringing a bogus(假的)doctor to justice.
Over the course of his career, he was reportedly responsible for the imprisonment of 1,225 criminals. His most famous case—and perhaps the one which most closely resembles a Holmes story—was “Mystery of the Four-Wheeled Cab”.
Mrs Buckley identifies Caminada’s “Moriaty” figure as Bob Horridge, a violent, intelligent career criminal, with whom he had a 20-year fight, which began when Caminada arrested him for stealing a watch, landing him with a sentence of seven years’ penal servitude because of his previous crimes.
This harsh sentence for a relatively small crime angered Horridge so much that, as he was sent down, he swore revenge(报复)on the detective.
On his release, Horridge’s criminal enterprises grew in size and scope, but he was usually able to stay one step ahead of the authorities, often effecting dramatic escapes.
His good luck finally ended after he shot two police officers. Caminada tracked him to Liverpool where the detective, disguised once more, eventually arrested him. Horridge was convicted of attempted murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.
Caminada’s “Irene Adler” was Alicia Ormonde, an apparently well-educated woman with a noble background and expensive tastes, who was actually an experienced criminal wanted across the country for A^uds and thefts.
Caminada tracked her down and arrested her, but—in an echo of Holmes’ fascination with Adler~the detective apparently became attracted by her. The case took place in 1890, a year before Adler appeared in A Scandal in Bohemia.
Caminada—who published his memoirs on retiring~died in 1914, the year the last Holmes book was set.
Other individuals have previously been put forward as the basis for Holmes. However, Mrs Buckley, whose book is called The Real Sherlock Holmes, believes that Caminada was used to give Holmes a better grounding in actual casework among the criminal fraternity, inspiring his detecting styles and some of the puzzling cases he encountered.
66. From the passage we can know that Caminada .
A. died after the last Holmes book was set
B. was the only basis for Holmes
C. had a good knowledge of forensic science
D. had a whole life career as a “consulting detective”
67. Which of the following CANNOT prove that Caminada was the basis for Holmes?
A. Caminada became a national figure shortly before Holmes’ first appearance.
B. Caminada tracked an attractive and talented criminal, similar to Irene Adler.
C. Caminada was known for his extensive web of informers in the Baker Street.
D. Caminada had a Moriaty-like enemy for a long period of time.
68. Which of the following sentences could be added into the blank part?
A. His most famous case was the Manchester Cab Murder of1889.
B. As an investigator Caminada served with the police between 1868 and 1899.
C. Following his retirement, he published a second volume under his own name.
D. Other disguises included as drunken down and outs, as well as working class roles.
69.Caminada used to disguise himself in the following cases EXCEPT .
A. bringing a bogus doctor to justice
B. tracking and arresting Alicia Ormonde
C. tracking a group of thieves at the Grand National
D. arresting Horridge and sending him to life imprisonment ^
70. The most suitable title of the passage should be .
A. Detecting styles of Sherlock Holmes B. Caminada and hrs legend
C.Detectives and their disguises D. Has the real Holmes beert deduced(演泽)?
第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应題号的`横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。
How traffic affects our health
When talking about traffic problems, we，Jso need to take into consideration the pollution that we are exposed to and the health problems traffic causes. Given below is an in-depth exposition on how traffic afftcts our health and what we can do to avoid some of these effects to live a longer and healthier life.
Aches and Pains
Driving in a slouched(无精打釆的)position puts pressure on your back and neck. Back pain is often due to poor posture which can have a neu,nti\ e effect on your health. Your bad posture also puts stress on the joints of your elbows and knees, causing pain and tiredness to these areas of your body.
When you are driving in traffic, you are constantly shifting between the accelerator and brake (in automatic transmission cars), and clutch, brake, and accelerator (in manual transmission cars). This constant shifting puts pressure and stress on your knees, causing knee-related problems and aches.
What can you do?
You can counteract these ill effect and posture problems by sitting upright and having a support for your lower back and neck. Adjust the position of your seat in such a way that you can drive at ease without any discomfort. The backrest of the seat should be straight up, and not pulled down too much. Respiratory(呼吸的)Problems
Exposure to heavy traffic implies exposure to poisonous rases that are emitted by vehicles. It is believed that the transportation sector in the US is resporbible for a quarter of the country’s greenhouse gas emissions.
Our lungs arc like sponges, soaking in everything that is breathed in by our respiratory system. The smoke coming out of the tailpipes of vehicles presents a serious threat to human health. Prolonged exposure to traffic emissions can cause，vious respiratory diseases including lung cancer.
What can you do?
There are ways to avoid breathing in polluted air If you can, avoid driving in parts of your town with heavy traffic congestion. However, if you find yourself driving through such areas, roll up your car windows to minimize exposure to harmflil gases. If you plan to go out for a walk or run, do it in a place where you get loads of fresh air. Eat foods that are rich in antioxidants(抗氧化剂)，and exercise regularly so that your immune system is strong enough to fight off potential threats to your health.
Travel and traffic are two things that are absolutely unavoidable，and that is why we should try to be as comfortable as possible, to be stress-free and illness-free!
How traffic affects our health
Passage outlineSupporting details
Lead-inWhen it (71) to traffic problems, we should pay enouch attention to the pollution we are exposed to and the health problems that traffic causes.
Aches and PainsProblems(72) a Door Dosition when you are driving can affect your health badly in several ways such as back, neck, even the joints of your elbows and knees.
Shifting posture constantly in the (73) of driving will put pressure and stress on your knees, causing aches and pains.
SolutionsYou can sit upright and have a support for your lower back and neck, j You can make (74) to the position of your seat.
You can (75) the backrest of vour seat and avoid pulling it down too much.
Respiratory
ProblemsProblemsIt is believed that the transportation sector is to (76) for a quarter ～greenhouse gas emissions in the US.
Our lungs breathe in harmful elements in the smoke from vehicles, damaging our health seriously.
Long exposure to dangerous pollutants from vehicles can cause various lung-related diseases, lung cancer (77) .
SolutionsYou should try to drive through the areas (78) from heavy traffic congestion.
You must wind up your car windows to keep exposure, to harmfijl pollutants to the (79) .
You should choose a place where you get loads of fresh air to take a walk or have a run.
You must attach (80) to your diet and regular exercise to fight off potential threats to your health.
Conclusion t We should try to be stress-free and illness-free while driving or I traveling.
第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)
阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150字左右的英语短文。
In campus violence cases in Beijing during the last five years, 14 percent of the offenders not only beat others, but also insulted(侮辱)them. They slapped(打耳光)others, made them kneel down, and in some cases took off other people’s clothes.
Violence at schools has been widely reported in media in recent years 一 the violence among teenagers has drawn public and government attention. On Nov 11, the Ministry of Education, along with eight other central sectors, published a guideline on dealing with school violence.
The guideline stressed that students with serious behavioral problems should be handed over to special schools. Or, in more serious cases, they may take criminal responsibility and be sent to prison.
“The common tolerant attitude toward violence should be changed,” wrote Jiaxing Daily. “When teenagers do something wrong, we should tolerate and help them when necessary. But all of this has a limit."
[写作内容]
1.以约30个词概括上文的内容要点：
2.然后以约120个词写作以下相关内容：
(1)校园暴力存在且越来越严重的原因(至少两点);
(2)你认为如何应对校园暴力(至少两点);
[写作要求]
1.不得直接引用原文中的句子;
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
[评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
2018年英语高考北京试卷答案
一、听力：1-5 CBBCB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 CBCAB
二、单选：21-25 CCBCA 26-30 DDBAC 31-35 CABCB
三、完型：36-40 CBDBD 41-45 ABCAC 46-50 BDABA
四、阅读：51-55 CBDCA 56-57 BA 58-61 DCAC 62-65 CBAD 66-70 CCDBD
五、任阅
71. comes 72. Maintaining/Keeping 73. process/course 74. adjustments(s)
75. straighten 76. blame77. included 78. free 79. minimum 80.importance/significance
六、书面表达
As is shown in the short passage above, campus violence among teenagers has become an increasingly serious problem, but fortunately, the government has realized it and decided to take measures to deal with it.
There are several factors accounting for the situation worrying us, among which people’s tolerant attitude can’t be neglected. When campus violence happens, the absence of severe punishments usually makes matters worse, leading to those bad guys being more offensive and aggressive. In addition, when faced with such violence, teen victims are too afraid to report it to parents or the school, let alone call the police.
In a bid to wrestle with the serious problem, joint forces must be involved. Schools should impose severe punishments upon those offenders, even including removing them from school. Under extreme circumstances, sentencing them to prison is a necessity. As for the individuals of victims, they should be encouraged and guided to face the violence bravely and learn to protect themselves.
英语听力试题原文
Text 1
W: Simon, could you return the tools I lent you for building the bookshelf last month?
M: Oh, well, I hate to tell you this, but I can’t seem to find them.
Text 2
W: Well, you said you didn’t care very much for you job. Have you every thought of giving it up?
M: Not really. You see I have a lot of friends in the office. I’m part of the family there.
Text 3
M: Hi, Miss Green. Sorry, I failed your subject again but I really tried my best.
W: No one is sure to succeed every time. Cheer up, young man. You will have more chances.
M: Thank you, Miss Green. I’ll try harder next time.
Text 4
W: I don’t know how you can eat so much yet never put on any weight, son. Your father’s got the same luck. I can’t take a bite without calculating how many calories I am taking.
M: But remember Aunt Louise, Mom? She ate a lot and never gained a pound.
Text 5
M: Don’t you like the coat you just tried on?
W: Well, I like the color and fabric.
M: And it is really nice and reasonably priced.
W: Yes. I would have bought it right away if they had had it in my size.
Text 6
M: Can you describe the room to me, please?
W: Certainly. Let’s see, first there’s a big double bed, and of course there’s a telephone by the bed, and you have the radio alarm next to that. Then there’s a TV…
M: Oh, well, are the bed sheets changed every day?
W: Yes. They’re changed every day. And in fact the pillows are filled with a special material instead of cotton, which can help you fall asleep.
M: I’m allergic to flowers.
W: I’m sure they’re not dried flowers. But I’m sorry I can’t remember the name.
M: Well, that seems to be just fine.
Text 7
M: Tell me about yourself and your past experience.
W: I have worked as an executive secretary for 5 years, first for a trading company, then a trust company.
M: How fast can you type?
W: I can type 100 Chinese words per minute and 150 English words a minute.
M: Can you operate computers skillfully?
W: Yes, I can. I have received some special training in computers. Besides I am good at operating common office machines like fax.
M: Sometimes we are very busy and need to work overtime. How do you feel about that?
W: Could you tell me how often and how many hours I should work overtime?
M: It just depends. If we have important visiting delegations, you have to stay with us. It’s not unusual.
W: That’s all right.
Text 8
M: Hi, Asha. Is your mother feeling any better?
W: No, I’m afraid not. She’s very homesick. She misses her family and friends back in India.
M: Do you think she will ever move back to India?
W: I’m not sure. It’s very difficult for her, because my father and my sisters all live here in California, so she doesn’t want to leave us.
M: Does she ever go visit her family in India?
W: She goes back once a year to visit her family and friends. But when she’s in India, she misses her family in the United States.
M: It must be very hard for her, to always be torn between two places.
W: Yes, it is. And she’s always telling us not to forget our Indian culture. So, next year, my sisters and I are planning on traveling to India with her for a few months, so that we can all experience the culture together.
M: I think that’s a wonderful idea. She’ll be so happy!
Text 9
M: Hello, I’m a new student on Economics. Can I know some information about the courses?
W: Well, I lecture on that program. What do you need to know?
M: I’d like to know how many lectures a week I have to attend?
W: Two lectures a week, on Tuesday and Thursday. Besides, there’s one group discussion every
Friday.
M: So what time?
W: Let me see …You should have known this information yesterday, at the meeting for the new students.
M: Oh, was there a meeting yesterday? I didn’t know about that …no one mentioned…
W: Never mind. Now lectures are at four in the afternoon.
M: Four’s bit late. I’ve got a part time job that starts at four thirty.
W: Well, but attendance at lectures is necessary. We expect at least 80% attendance at this university, you know.
M: 80%! That’s high.
W: But I’m afraid you have to meet that requirement, otherwise, you can’t get enough credits to graduate. And what’s more, if you want to earn the scholarship, 90% attendance rate or above is a must.
M: Ok, I see. Thank you for your information.
W: You’re welcome.
Text 10
I grew up in a small town until I was 18 and then moved to a big city, so I have experienced the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like living in a big city, but I was wrong. After ten years of living in one, I can’t imagine ever living in a small town again. Surely small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms of transport. In a small town, you have to own a car to make life comfortable. You can’t get around without one because there isn’t any kind of public transport. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but there you have a choice of taking public transport, which is cheaper than driving. So, if you don’t have a car, you’d better live in the city. I also love the exciting life in big cities. I can always enjoy a lot of films, concerts, and other wonderful shows. However, these things are not common in small towns. The final thing I like about large cities is that you can meet different kinds of people. I think that living in an area where everyone was just like me would quickly become dull. Of course, safety should be considered, and that’s one area where small towns are better than big cities. Still, I would rather be a bit more careful and live in a large city than to feel safe but dull.
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