英语基本句型结构的分析

　　很多同学由于没有掌握高中英语的学习方法导致学习效率很低，还有一部分同学对于高中英语这个学科没有办法提起学习兴趣，所以导致这个高中英语成为自己的弱势科目，拉低了自己的总成绩，下面是小编为大家精心推荐英语基本句型结构的分析，希望能够对您有所帮助。

英语基本句型结构的分析

　　高中英语常用疑问句型

　　结构︰问句：What+be 动词+this(that)?

　　答句：This(that)+be 动词+a book(pen)。

　　结构︰问句：What are+these/those?

　　答句：These/Those are+复数名词(+s/es)。

　　结构︰问句：What+be 动词+主词(人)? 答句：主词+be 动词+a student。

　　高中英语常用引导的.倒装句

　　表示―另一者也如此‖，即前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导的倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。具体例子如下：

　　1). He has finished his homework, so have I.

　　2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I.

　　3). John can’t ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I.

　　4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.

　　高中英语常用状语从句

　　so/ such……..that…….引导结果状语从句时须注意：

　　[1] 当名词前有many, much, little, few修饰时, 用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词，而是many, much, little, few这些表示数量的词。

　　1). The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.

　　2). There are so few fish in the lake that we couldn’t fish them easily.

　　[2] 当名词是单数可数名词，前面又有adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+ adj +a(n)+n 或such+ a(n) + adj.+ n 1). He is such an honest person / so honest a person that you can depend on him when you are in trouble.

　　[3] 当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构

　　1). Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.

　　[4] 当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….as to do结构。

　　1).The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.

　　高中英语常用句目的状语从句和结果状语从句

　　so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句

　　so that引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用(= in order that)，当主从句主语一致时可转换为so as to do/ in order to do.

　　1). He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly. He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.

　　2). He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldn’t catch cold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldn’t)

　　[2] so that 引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用。

　　高考英语基本句型语法

　　英语的五种基本句型结构：

　　主语 + 不及物动词 (SV)

　　主语 + 连系动词 (SVC)

　　主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (SVO)

　　主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVOD)

　　主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC)

　　1. S + V

　　He works. He is studying.

　　① 主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋状语(从句)

　　The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere

　　② 主语＋谓语(vi.) ＋名词短语

　　We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.

　　2. S + V + C

　　He is a student / in yellow / there…

　　① 主语 + be + 表语表语由下列词充当：名词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、动词不定式、分词（短语）、动名词、从句等

　　② 主语 + 其它连系动词 + 表语这些连系动词包括：appear, continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于…状态), look, prove, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turn

　　Bob lay sick.

　　His dream comes true.

　　3. S + V + O

　　An idea struck me.

　　① 主语＋谓语(v. + prep)＋宾语

　　It depends on the weather. 备用词：act as, agree on / with / to,

　　arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,

　　prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about

　　② 主语＋谓语(v. + adv.)＋宾语

　　I thought over the plan. I thought it over.

　　备用词：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in

　　NOTICE: v + adv. + prep.

　　get along with, add up to, do away with,

　　break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with

　　v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,

　　take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in

　　③ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋介词＋宾语

　　The teacher punished him for being late.

　　Congratulate him on his success.

　　Compare this with that.

　　4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当)

　　① 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

　　Will you lend me your pen, please ?

　　She bought him many toys.

　　② 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 介词 + 代词或名词

　　Will you lend your pen to me, please ?

　　She bought many toys for him.

　　备用词：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave

　　5. S + V + O + C 宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种：主表关系；

　　主谓关系。宾语可由形容词、副词、介词、动词不定式充当

　　主表：① I find the book interesting. (主谓宾＋形容词)

　　② I saw him there. (主谓宾＋副词)

　　③ I found the book on the desk.(主谓宾＋介词)

　　④ We elected him monitor. (主谓宾＋名词)

　　主谓：①They saw the thief running away. (主谓宾 + 现在分词）

　　②Where did you see him knocked down?(主谓宾＋过分词)

　　③ What makes you think so ?(主谓宾＋动词不定式)

　　英语语法感叹句知识点基本句型

　　【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!

　　What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!

　　What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!

　　What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!

　　What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!

　　【说明】 在感叹句中，What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用 what a / an，如：

　　What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!

　　What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!

　　What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!

　　【句型二】How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!

　　How well you look! 你气色真好!

　　How kind you are! 你心肠真好!

　　How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!

　　Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!

　　How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!

　　How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!

　　【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：

　　How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!