《劝学》英文翻译

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《劝学》英文翻译

　　劝学，就是鼓励学习。本篇较系统地论述了学习的理论和方法。大家知道《劝学》英文翻译是怎样的吗？本文就来分享一篇《劝学》英文翻译，希望对大家能有所帮助！

　　劝学原文

　　君子曰：学不可以已。青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。木直中绳，以为轮，其曲中规。虽有槁暴，不复挺者，使之然也。故木受绳则直，金就砺则利，君子博学而日参省乎己，则知明而行无过矣。

　　故不登高山，不知天之高也；不临深溪，不知地之厚也；不闻先王之遗言，不知学问之大也。干、越、夷、貉之子，生而同声，长而异俗，教使之然也。诗曰：“嗟尔君子，无恒安息。靖共尔位，好是正直。神之听之，介尔景福。”神莫大于化道，福莫长于无祸。

　　吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也；吾尝跂而望矣，不如登高之博见也。登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾也，而闻者彰。假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里；假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。君子生非异也，善假于物也。

　　南方有鸟焉，名曰蒙鸠，以羽为巢，而编之以发，系之苇苕，风至苕折，卵破子死。巢非不完也，所系者然也。西方有木焉，名曰射干，茎长四寸，生于高山之上，而临百仞之渊，木茎非能长也，所立者然也。蓬生麻中，不扶而直；白沙在涅，与之俱黑。兰槐之根是为芷，其渐之滫，君子不近，庶人不服。其质非不美也，所渐者然也。故君子居必择乡，游必就士，所以防邪辟而近中正也。

　　物类之起，必有所始。荣辱之来，必象其德。肉腐出虫，鱼枯生蠹。怠慢忘身，祸灾乃作。强自取柱，柔自取束。邪秽在身，怨之所构。施薪若一，火就燥也，平地若一，水就湿也。草木畴生，禽兽群焉，物各从其类也。是故质的张，而弓矢至焉；林木茂，而斧斤至焉；树成荫，而众鸟息焉。醯酸，而蜹聚焉。故言有招祸也，行有招辱也，君子慎其所立乎！

　　积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉；积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。故不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。蟹六跪而二螯，非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。是故无冥冥之志者，无昭昭之明；无惛惛之事者，无赫赫之功。行衢道者不至，事两君者不容。目不能两视而明，耳不能两听而聪。螣蛇无足而飞，鼫鼠五技而穷。《诗》曰：“尸鸠在桑，其子七兮。淑人君子，其仪一兮。其仪一兮，心如结兮！”故君子结于一也。

　　昔者瓠巴鼓瑟，而沈鱼出听；伯牙鼓琴，而六马仰秣。故声无小而不闻，行无隐而不形。玉在山而草木润，渊生珠而崖不枯。为善不积邪？安有不闻者乎？

　　学恶乎始？恶乎终？曰：其数则始乎诵经，终乎读礼；其义则始乎为士，终乎为圣人，真积力久则入，学至乎没而后止也。故学数有终，若其义则不可须臾舍也。为之，人也；舍之，禽兽也。故《书》者，政事之纪也；《诗》者，中声之所止也；《礼》者，法之大分，类之纲纪也。故学至乎礼而止矣。夫是之谓道德之极。《礼》之敬文也，《乐》之中和也，《诗》《书》之博也，《春秋》之微也，在天地之间者毕矣。

　　君子之学也，入乎耳，著乎心，布乎四体，形乎动静。端而言，蝡而动，一可以为法则。小人之学也，入乎耳，出乎口；口耳之间，则四寸耳，曷足以美七尺之躯哉！古之学者为己，今之学者为人。君子之学也，以美其身；小人之学也，以为禽犊。故不问而告谓之傲，问一而告二谓之囋。傲、非也，囋、非也；君子如向矣。

　　学莫便乎近其人。《礼》《乐》法而不说，《诗》《书》故而不切，《春秋》约而不速。方其人之习君子之说，则尊以遍矣，周于世矣。故曰：学莫便乎近其人。

　　学之经莫速乎好其人，隆礼次之。上不能好其人，下不能隆礼，安特将学杂识志，顺《诗》《书》而已耳。则末世穷年，不免为陋儒而已。将原先王，本仁义，则礼正其经纬蹊径也。若挈裘领，诎五指而顿之，顺者不可胜数也。不道礼宪，以《诗》《书》为之，譬之犹以指测河也，以戈舂黍也，以锥飡壶也，不可以得之矣。故隆礼，虽未明，法士也；不隆礼，虽察辩，散儒也。

　　问楛者，勿告也；告楛者，勿问也；说楛者，勿听也。有争气者，勿与辩也。故必由其道至，然后接之；非其道则避之。故礼恭，而后可与言道之方；辞顺，而后可与言道之理；色从而后可与言道之致。故未可与言而言，谓之傲；可与言而不言，谓之隐；不观气色而言，谓之瞽。故君子不傲、不隐、不瞽，谨顺其身。诗曰：“匪交匪舒，天子所予。”此之谓也。

　　百发失一，不足谓善射；千里跬步不至，不足谓善御；伦类不通，仁义不一，不足谓善学。学也者，固学一之也。一出焉，一入焉，涂巷之人也；其善者少，不善者多，桀纣盗跖也；全之尽之，然后学者也。

　　君子知夫不全不粹之不足以为美也，故诵数以贯之，思索以通之，为其人以处之，除其害者以持养之。使目非是无欲见也，使耳非是无欲闻也，使口非是无欲言也，使心非是无欲虑也。及至其致好之也，目好之五色，耳好之五声，口好之五味，心利之有天下。是故权利不能倾也，群众不能移也，天下不能荡也。生乎由是，死乎由是，夫是之谓德操。德操然后能定，能定然后能应。能定能应，夫是之谓成人。天见其明，地见其光，君子贵其全也。

　　劝学英文翻译

　　The gentleman says: learning can not stop halfway. Indigo is extracted from the plant Persicaria tinctoria, but is greener than the plant; Ice is made of water, but it is colder than water. The wood is straight enough to conform to the straightened ink line, and when it is made into wheels by using the heat transfer process, the bending of the wood is circular. Even if it has been dried out by the sun and the wind, the wood will no longer be straight, because the processing has made it so. Therefore, the wood can be straightened after being measured by the ink line and processed by the auxiliary tools, the sword can be sharpened after being sharpened on the whetstone, and the gentleman will learn extensively and examine and reflect on himself every day, then he will be wise and act without fault.

　　Therefore, one does not know how high the sky is until one climbs a high mountain; If you dont face a ravine, you dont know how thick it is. If you do not understand the legacy of the emperors, you do not know the breadth of knowledge. The cries of Gan, Yue, Yi and raccoon dogs are the same when they are born; When they grow up, their customs and habits are not the same, which is due to the difference in education received after birth. The Book of Songs says, "You gentleman, do not always crave comfort." Treat your profession with respect and love integrity. When the gods hear all this, they will give you great blessings." There is no higher realm of human virtue than to receive the enlightenment of the Tao; Human happiness, there is no longer than no disaster.

　　I used to think all day, but not as much as a moment to learn knowledge; I have stood on tiptoe to look far, but not as high to see broad. Climb to a high place and wave, the arm is not lengthened, but others can see it at a distance; As the wind called, the sound did not become loud, but the listener could hear it clearly from a distance. With the help of horses and chariots, people do not walk fast, but can reach thousands of miles away; People who use boats are not good swimmers, but they can cross rivers. The qualities of the gentleman are not different from those of ordinary people, but the gentleman is good at using foreign things.

　　In the south, there is a kind of bird called the "monk dove", which builds its nest with feathers, and then ties it up with hair, and ties it to the tender strips of the reed. When the wind blows, the tender rods of the reed break, and the nest of the dove falls to the ground, the eggs are broken, and the young birds are dashed to death. This is not because the nest of the Montdove is not well constructed, but because the things it ties to are too weak. There is a kind of tree in the west, called "shoot Gan", the tree stem is only four inches long, but it grows on the high mountain, you can overlook the abyss. It is not that the stem of a tree dried on a high mountain can grow longer, but that the terrain on which it grows makes it so. It grows in a thicket of hemp, and needs no support to grow straight; White sand, if mixed with black mud, will become as black as black mud. Vanilla Lanhuai root is called Zhi, although incense, if it is soaked in smelly water, the gentleman is not willing to approach it, the people are not willing to wear it. This is not the essence of Zhi is not good, but because it was soaked in smelly water for the sake, therefore, the gentleman must choose a good environment when settling down, and must go out and have moral and learned people, so that you can prevent yourself from being affected by evil and capricious people, and gradually close to the "ritual" "benevolence" way.

　　All kinds of things happen, are the root of it. The advent of mans honor and disgrace must also correspond to the merits of his character. Rotten flesh will have maggots, dead fish will have worms, lazy to even ignore their own safety when disaster will come. Too hard to break, too weak and easily bound. You are evil and dirty, and that will inevitably cause people to resent you. If the dry and wet piles of firewood are placed in the same place, the fire will always burn towards the dry pile; If the flat ground is dry and wet, the water always flows to the wet place. Weeds and trees always grow together, birds and beasts always live in flocks, and in this way everything depends on its own kind to live. So once the target is set, the arrow will shoot at it; When the forest flourishes, the woodcutters come with axes; When the trees are shaded, the birds come and rest; When vinegar has a sour taste, mosquitoes and flies will naturally come and gather. Therefore, words can sometimes bring disaster, and actions can sometimes bring shame. A gentleman should be careful with his words and deeds.

　　Mounds of earth and stone have become mountains, from which wind and rain rise; The pool of water becomes an abyss, from which the flood dragon springs; Accumulate good deeds to develop noble morality, the spirit is promoted, and the mood of the sage is thus possessed. Therefore, without accumulating a step and a half of the journey, there is no way to reach a thousand miles away; Without the accumulation of small flowing water, there is no way to converge into rivers and oceans. A steed leaps not ten paces; If a bad horse walks for ten days, its success lies in not stopping. If it stops after a few strokes, then the rotten wood will continue to be carved. If you keep carving, then the stone can be carved successfully. The earthworm has no sharp claws and teeth, and strong bones, but it can eat the earth upward and drink the spring underground, because it is dedicated. A crab has six legs and two claws, but it has nowhere to hide without a cave of snakes and eels, because it has a restless heart. Therefore, without the will to study hard, there will be no significant achievements in learning; Without the practice of hard work, there will be no great success in the career. Those who wander at the crossroads cannot reach the end of any road; He who serves two monarchs will not be accommodated by either. The eye cannot see two things at the same time, and the ear cannot hear two sounds at the same time. Serpents had no feet but could fly high in the air. However, with five great skills, any kind of great rat cant fly to Teng. The Book of Songs says, "The cuckoo builds his nest in the mulberry tree, and his young birds are seven." Good gentlemen, behavior should be single-minded and not biased. The will will be as strong as a rock if one acts in a single way." So the gentlemans will is firm and single-minded.

　　Once upon a time, a bottle gourd played a whistle, and even the fish in the water came up to the surface to listen; Boya played the harp, and even the horses pulling carts stopped eating grass and looked up to listen. Therefore, the voice will not be heard because it is weak, and the behavior will not be detected because it is hidden. If there is treasure in the mountain, the grass and trees will be especially moist; There were pearls in the deep, and the cliffs seemed to shine. Probably did not insist on accumulating good deeds, if you continue to do good deeds, where will not be known by people?

　　Where should learning begin and where should it end? My answer is that, in terms of its approach, we should start with the reading of the classics such as poems and books and end with the Rites; As far as its meaning is concerned, it starts with being a scholar and ends with being a saint. Sincere practice, so long-term accumulation, will be able to deeply appreciate the fun, learn to death can be after. Therefore, although the course of learning has an end, the desire to make progress can not have a moment of slack. A lifetime of learning to become a person, and vice versa with animals what is different? Shang Shu is a record of political affairs; The Book of Songs is the sum of the inner voice; "Ritual" is the premise of the legal system, the general outline of various regulations, so only to learn the "ritual" can be considered the end, to reach the peak of morality. The "Ritual" respects etiquette, the "Music" tells the voice of neutralization, the "Book of Songs", the "Shangshu" is broad, and the "Spring and Autumn" has a great meaning, they have included the university questions between heaven and earth.

　　A gentleman learns knowledge by hearing it in the ear, remembering it in his heart, and showing it in his manners and actions according to etiquette. Every move, even the smallest words and deeds, can be modeled on others. The little man learns from the ear to the mouth, only four inches apart, how can he perfect his seven-foot body? The ancients study is their own moral cultivation needs, todays people study is just to show off to others. The gentleman learns in order to improve himself, the villain learns in order to show off and grandstand, and makes a gift of knowledge as a bird, a calf, and so on. Therefore, teaching others when no one asks you is called impetuous; Ask one answer two called verbose; Impetuous and verbose is not right, the gentleman should answer like the hollow echo general, no more, no less, just right.

　　There is no easier way to learn than to be close to a good teacher. The Sutra of Rites, the Sutra of Music, prescribes laws and regulations, but does not elaborate on their principles. The records in the Book of Songs and the Book of Shangshu are all things of ancient times, which are not close to reality. "Spring and Autumn Annals" is simple and obscure, and its principles are difficult to grasp quickly. To learn the doctrine of the gentleman by imitating the good teacher, we can develop lofty moral character, obtain comprehensive knowledge, and understand the principles of the world. So there is no easier way to learn than to get close to a good teacher.

　　Reverence for teachers is the most convenient way to learn, followed by respect for etiquette. If you do not worship the teacher, do not pay tribute to the next, only read some miscellaneous books, explain the "Book of Songs" and "Shang Shu" and so on, then all your life is just a humble scholar. To study the wisdom of sages and seek the root of benevolence and justice, the shortest way is to start with rites and laws. Its like lifting the collar of a fur robe with your fingers bent, and with the next bite, the fur is completely smooth. If we do not study the rites and act on the basis of the Book of Songs and the Book of Shang, it is just like measuring the river with our fingers, making millet with a fountain, and taking something from the rice pot with an awl. Therefore, if you respect etiquette, even if you do not understand the knowledge thoroughly, you can still be a moral and cultured man; Not still etiquette, even if the discerning good debate, is only a physical and mental disorganized without real cultivation of the humble Confucian.

　　If anyone comes to you and asks you about something unorthodox, do not answer; Come and tell of irregularities, do not ask; Talk of impropriety in your presence, do not participate; Dont argue with a brutish and argumentative man. Therefore, must be in line with the way of etiquette, only to give reception; Those who do not conform to the way of etiquette and justice will avoid him; Therefore, for respectful people, can talk with the purpose of the Tao; What to say to those who are agreeable in speech; Only with a sincere attitude can we discuss the profound meaning of the Tao. Therefore, to talk to what cannot be talked to, that is called impetuous; Not talking to those with whom one can talk is a snub; A person who casually talks without seeing the other persons response is called blind. Therefore, the gentleman should not be impetuous, nor neglect, nor blind, and should be careful to treat each person who comes to seek advice. "The Book of Songs" says: "Not impetuous and not neglectful is what the son of Heaven approves." Thats the truth.

　　If one arrow out of a hundred shot misses the target, it is not good at shooting; Driving a car and horse for thousands of miles, only half a step short and not able to complete, this is not good driving; It is certainly not a good study to be able to have a thorough understanding of ethical norms and to adhere to the principles of benevolence and justice. Learning is a very dedicated thing, learning and stop for a while that is the ordinary people in the market. Good behavior is few and bad behavior is many, Jie, Zhou, Zhi are such people. If you can grasp the knowledge you have learned comprehensively and thoroughly, you can be a good reader.

　　The gentleman knows that he is not perfect if he is not complete and refined, so he reads a group of books in order to understand, to understand by thinking and exploring, to practice by imitating good teachers and friends, and to get rid of his wrong habits and temperament to maintain maintenance. If the eye is not right, it does not want to see; if the ear is not right, it does not want to hear; if the mouth is not right, it does not want to speak; if the heart is not right, it does not want to think. Such as to achieve the ideal situation of being completely intoxicated with learning, just like the eyes are good, the ears are good, the mouth is good, and the heart covets to own the world. If this is achieved, then there will be no evil thoughts in the face of power and selfish desires, nor will a large number of people yield, and nothing under the world can shake its faith. So it is in life, so it is in death. This is called virtue and integrity. Only with virtue and integrity can we achieve steadfastness, and only with steadfastness can we have random responses. If you can be steadfast and random, you are a mature and perfect person. At that time the sky will show its brightness, the earth will show its vastness, and the gentleman will attach importance to the perfection of character and ethics.

　　劝学中文翻译

　　君子说：学习不可以半途而止。靛青是从蓼蓝草里提炼出来的，却比蓼蓝草还要青；冰是由水凝结而成的，却比水还要寒冷。木材直得符合拉直的墨线，用煣的工艺把它制成车轮，那么木材的弯度就合乎圆的标准了。即使又被风吹日晒而干枯了，木材也不会再挺直，是因为经过加工使它成为这样的。所以木材用墨线量过再经辅具加工就能取直，刀剑在磨刀石上磨过就能变得锋利，君子广博地学习并且每天检验反省自己，那么他就会智慧明达而且行为没有过失了。

　　因此，不登上高山，就不知天有多高；不面临深涧，就不知道地有多厚；不懂得先代帝王的遗教，就不知道学问的博大。干国、越国、夷族、貉族的人，刚生下来啼哭的声音是一样的；待他们长大以后，其风俗习性却不相同，这是由于后天所受的教育不同所造成的。《诗经》上说：“你这个君子啊，不要总是贪图安逸。恭谨对待你的本职，爱好正直的德行。神明听到这一切，就会赐给你洪福祥瑞。”人的德行的境界，没有比接受道的教化更高的了；人的幸福，没有比无灾无祸更长远的了。

　　我曾经整天思索，却不如片刻学到的知识多；我曾经踮起脚远望，却不如登到高处看得广阔。登到高处招手，胳膊没有加长，可是别人在远处也能看见；顺着风呼叫，声音没有变得洪亮，可是听的人在远处也能听得很清楚。借助车马的人，并不是脚走得快，却可以达到千里之外；借助舟船的人，并不善于游泳，却可以横渡江河。君子的资质秉性跟一般人没有不同，只是君子善于借助外物罢了。

　　南方有一种鸟，名叫“蒙鸠”，用羽毛构筑自己的窝巢，再用毛发把窝编结起来，把窝系在芦苇的嫩条上。一遇风吹，芦苇的嫩条折断，蒙鸠的窝巢也就掉到地上，鸟蛋被打破，幼鸟被摔死。这并不是蒙鸠的窝巢构筑得不完好，而是由于它所系结的东西太脆弱所造成的。西方有一种树木，名叫“射干”，树茎只有四寸长，可它生长在高山上面，就能俯瞰百丈深渊。这并不是在高山上面射干的树茎就能够长得长些，而是它所生长的地势使它如此的。蓬草生长在麻丛当中，不需要扶植就长得挺直；洁白的沙子如果混进了黑泥里，也会变得跟就黑泥一样黑。香草兰槐的根叫做芷，虽然香，如果将它浸泡在臭水当中，君子就不愿意接近它，百姓也不愿意佩戴它。这并不是芷的本质不好，而是由于它被浸泡在臭水里的缘故，因此，君子定居时一定要选择好的环境，外出交游一定要和有道德有学问的人结伴，这样就能够防止自己受邪恶乖僻之人的影响，而逐渐接近“礼”“仁”之道。

　　各类事情的发生，都是它的根源。人的荣辱的降临，也必定和他品德的优劣相应。肉腐了会生蛆，鱼枯死了会生虫，懒散到连自身的安危都不顾的时候，灾祸也就要降临了。太坚硬了容易断裂，太柔弱了又易被束缚。自己邪恶肮脏，那就必然造成人们对你怨恨。把干湿不同的柴草堆置得一样，火总会朝着干燥的一堆烧去；一样平整的地面如果有干有湿，水也总是向着潮湿的地方流去。野草和树木总是共同生长，飞禽和走兽也总是成群居住，万物就是这样依从自己的同类以生存。所以靶子一旦张设，箭也就会对着它射去；森林一旦繁茂，伐木者也就拿着斧头来了；树木一旦成荫，众鸟也就会飞来休息；醋一有酸味，蚊蝇也就自然会飞来相聚。所以言语有时会带来灾祸，行动有时会招致耻辱，君子应当谨慎地对待自己的一言一行。

　　堆积土石成了高山，风雨从这里兴起；汇积水流成为深渊，蛟龙从这儿产生；积累善行养成高尚的道德，精神得到提升，圣人的心境由此具备。所以不积累一步半步的行程，就没有办法达到千里之远；不积累细小的流水，就没有办法汇成江河大海。骏马一跨跃，也不足十步远；劣马连走十天，它的成功在于不停止。如果刻几下就停下来了，那么腐朽的木头也刻不断。如果不停地刻下去，那么金石也能雕刻成功。蚯蚓没有锐利的爪子和牙齿，强健的筋骨，却能向上吃到泥土，向下喝到地下的泉水，这是由于它用心专一。螃蟹有六条腿，两个蟹钳，但是没有蛇、鳝的洞穴它就无处藏身，这是因为它用心浮躁。因此没有刻苦钻研的心志，学习上就不会有显著成绩；没有埋头苦干的实践，事业上就不会有巨大成就。在十字路口徘徊不定的人，任何一条路的尽头都不能到达；同时事奉两个君主的人，任何一方都不会容纳他。眼睛不可能同时看清楚两样东西，耳朵不可能同时听清楚两个声音。螣蛇没有脚但能凌空而飞，鼫鼠有五种技能却还是飞不上屋。《诗经》上说：“布谷鸟筑巢在桑树上，它的幼鸟儿有七只。善良的君子们，行为要专一不偏邪。行为专一不偏邪，意志才会如磐石坚。”所以君子的意志坚定专一。

　　从前，瓠巴弹瑟，连水中的鱼儿也浮出水面倾听；伯牙弹琴，连拉车的马也停止吃草仰头而听。所以声音不会因为微弱而不被听见，行为不会因为隐秘而不被发现。山中藏有宝玉，草木就会格外润泽；深渊生有珍珠，崖岸也显得似有光彩。大概是没有坚持积聚善行吧，如果不断地做好事，哪里会有不为人们所知道的呢？

　　学习究竟应从何入手，又从何结束呢？我的回答是，按其途径而言，应该从诵读《诗》《书》等经典入手到《礼经》结束；就其意义而言，则从做书生入手到成为圣人结束。真诚力行，这样长期积累，必能深入体会到其中的乐趣，学到死方能后已。所以学习的教程虽有尽头，但进取之愿望却不可以有片刻的懈怠。毕生好学才成其为人，反之又与禽兽何异？《尚书》是政事的记录；《诗经》是心声之归结；《礼经》是法制的前提、各种条例的总纲，所以要学到《礼经》才算结束，才算达到了道德之顶峰。《礼经》敬重礼仪，《乐经》讲述中和之声，《诗经》《尚书》博大广阔，《春秋》微言大义，它们已经将天地间的大学问都囊括其中了。

　　君子对知识的学习，是听在耳里，记在心里，表现在威仪的举止和符合礼仪的行动上。一举一动，哪怕是极细微的言行，都可以垂范于人。小人学习是从耳听从嘴出，相距不过四寸而已，怎么能够完美他的七尺之躯呢？古人学习是自身道德修养的需求，今人学习则只是为了炫耀于人。君子学习是为了完善自我，小人学习是为了卖弄和哗众取宠，将学问当作家禽、小牛之类的礼物去讨人好评。所以，没人求教你而去教导别人叫做浮躁；问一答二的叫啰嗦；浮躁啰嗦都是不对的，君子答问应像空谷回音一般，不多不少、恰到好处。

　　学习的途径没有比亲近良师更便捷的了。《礼经》《乐经》规定了法度典章，但没有详细阐明其道理；《诗经》《尚书》记载的都是古时的事情，不切近现实；《春秋》简约而晦涩，其道理难以让人很快理解。仿效良师学习君子的学说，就可以养成崇高的品德，得到全面的知识，通达世理了。所以说学习没有比亲近良师更便捷的了。

　　崇敬良师是最便捷的学习途径，其次就是崇尚礼仪了。若上不崇师，下不尚礼，仅读些杂书，解释一下《诗经》《尚书》之类，那么尽其一生也不过是一介浅陋的书生而已。要穷究圣人的智慧，寻求仁义的根本，从礼法入手才是能够融会贯通的捷径。就像弯曲五指提起皮袍的领子，向下一顿，毛就完全顺了。如果不究礼法，仅凭《诗经》《尚书》去立身行事，就如同用手指测量河水，用戈舂黍米，用锥子到饭壶里取东西吃一样，是办不到的。所以，尊崇礼仪，即使对学问不能透彻明了，不失为有道德有修养之士；不尚礼仪，即使明察善辩，也不过是身心散漫无真实修养的浅陋儒生而已。

　　如果有人前来向你请教不合礼法之事，不要回答；前来诉说不合礼法之事，不要去追问；在你面前谈论不合礼法之事，不要去参与；态度野蛮好争意气的，别与他争辩。所以，一定要是合乎礼义之道的，才给予接待；不合乎礼义之道的，就回避他；因此，对于恭敬有礼的人，才可与之谈道的宗旨；对于言辞和顺的人，才可与之谈道的内容；态度诚恳的，才可与之论及道的精深义蕴。所以，跟不可与之交谈的交谈，那叫做浮躁；跟可与交谈的不谈那叫怠慢；不看对方回应而随便谈话的叫盲目。因此，君子不可浮躁，也不可怠慢，更不可盲目，要谨慎地对待每位前来求教的人。《诗经》说：“不浮躁不怠慢才是天子所赞许的。”说的就是这个道理。

　　射出的百支箭中有一支不中靶，就不能算是善射；驾驭车马行千里的路程，只差半步而没能走完，这也不能算是善驾；对伦理规范不能融会贯通、对仁义之道不能坚守如一，当然也不能算是善学。学习本是件很需要专心致志的事情，学一阵又停一阵那是市井中的普通人。好的行为少而坏的行为多，桀、纣、跖就是那样的人。能够全面彻底地把握所学的知识，才算得上是个好的读书人。

　　君子知道学得不全不精就不算是完美，所以诵读群书以求融会贯通，用思考和探索去理解，效仿良师益友来实践，去掉自己错误的习惯性情来保持养护。使眼不是正确的就不想看、耳不是正确的就不想听，嘴不是正确的就不想说，心不是正确的就不愿去思虑。等达到完全醉心于学习的理想境地，就如同眼好五色，耳好五声，嘴好五味那样，心里贪图拥有天下一样。如果做到了这般地步，那么，在权利私欲面前就不会有邪念，人多势众也不会屈服的，天下万物都不能动摇信念。活着是如此，到死也不变。这就叫做有德行、有操守。有德行和操守，才能做到坚定不移，有坚定不移然后才有随机应对。能做到坚定不移和随机应对，那就是成熟完美的人了。到那时天显现出它的光明，大地显现出它的广阔，君子则重视品德、操守的完美无缺。

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