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初三英语上册合成动词知识点

时间:2023-02-06 17:35:59 初三 我要投稿

初三英语上册合成动词知识点

  在平凡的学习生活中,大家都没少背知识点吧?知识点就是掌握某个问题/知识的学习要点。为了帮助大家更高效的学习,以下是小编帮大家整理的初三英语上册合成动词知识点,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

初三英语上册合成动词知识点

  初三英语上册合成动词知识点

  在英语的合成词(compound words)中,合成动词(compound verbs)的数目较少,主要有下面三种类别:

  (一)副词+动词,如 outdo,overcome,undermine,upset,cross-question,withhold,backbite 等。

  (二)名词+动词,如 sunbathe,sidetrack,typewrite,house-hunt,browbeat,hoodwink,waylay 等。

  (三)形容词+动词,如 whitewash,safeguard,shortlist,blackmail 等。

  这三类合成动词中,以第一种最为丰富,特别是那些由“over,under,out”引导的,更显得多彩多姿。

  由over 引导的合成动词含有“太多、过多”的意思,如: overact,overburden,overcharge,overdo,overdress,overeat,overestimate,overpower,overpraise,overproduce,overprotect,overrule,oversleep,overspend,overstate,overstay,overwork 等。

  由under 引导的合成动词含 有“太少、不足”的意思,如: undercharge,underpay,underrate,understate,undervalue,underwork 等。

  由out 引导的合成动词则含有“超过、胜过”之意,如: outdo,outgrow,outlive,outnumber,outside,outrank,outshine,outstay,outstrip,outweigh,outwit 等。

  现在举些句子示范:

  ① The food cost $3,but he was overcharged by 50 cents.

  ② Some romantic scenes in our TV shows were overdone.

  ③ Don't overstate your predicament or people will not believe you.

  ④ Some reporters understated the seriousness of the regional financial turmoil.

  ⑤ The staff of the company felt that their contribution had been undervalued.

  ⑥ Chinese swimmers outdid their opponents.

  ⑦ This type of computer has outlived its usefulness.

  ⑧ The advantages of the new salary scheme far outweigh its disadvantages.

  合成动词的主要构成方式

  1.n+v→名词+动词:

  eaves屋檐+drop滴=eavesdrop偷听;sun太阳+bathe沐浴=sunbathe沐日光浴;

  sleep睡觉+walk走路=sleepwalk梦游

  2.adv+v→形容词+动词:

  down下+load负载=download下载;up上+set设置=upset打翻;

  under下面+go走=undergo经历/承受

  3.adj+v→形容词+动词:

  white白色+wash洗=whitewash粉刷;black黑色+list名单=blacklist列入黑名单

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