who定语从句的注意事项
导语:who定语从句的注意事项有哪些呢?以下是小编为大家整理的文章,欢迎阅读!希望对大家有所帮助!
who定语从句的注意事项
一、 who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。如:
The student who is answering the question is John. 正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。
Anybody who breaks the laws will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。
二、 who是主格,在定语从句中作主语,此时不能省略。如:
The person who was here yesterday is a musician. 昨天来这儿的那个人是位音乐家。
但在非正式英语中,who亦可作宾语,且可以省略。如:
The man(who)I saw just now is Mr Li. 我刚才见到的那个人是李先生。
三、 在定语从句中,who在人称、数上和其前面的先行词保持一致。如:
Do you know the boy who is standing over there? 你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗?
四、 若先行词中既有人又有物,关系代词用that而不用who。如:
He watched the children and boxes that filled the car. 他看见了塞满汽车的孩子和箱子。
五、 若先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰,关系代词用that而不用who。如:
Yao Ming is the best basketball player that I know. 姚明是我知道的最好的篮球运动员。
Tom is the first boy that left the room. 汤姆是第一个离开这个房间的男孩。
定语从句知识:
定语从句在句中起形容词作用,它通常修饰它前面的名词或代词,即它的先行词(Antecedent)。
以下就定语从句的一些重点和难点作一些总结:
一、Which和that在定语从句中指代事物时,一般可互换使用,但在下列情况下通常用that而不用which。
1.当先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,the one等不定代词时,常用that引导定语从句。
例:All that can be done has been done.
所有能做的已经做了。
2. 先行词前有only,few,any,little,no,a11,every,very等词修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
例:This is the very book that l want to read, 这就是我要读的'那本书。
3. 先行词前面有序数词(first,second等)或形容词的最高形式对其修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
例:This is the first letter that I’ve received from him since he left.
这是自他离开后我收到的他的第一封信。
4. 在并列的先行词中既有人又有物时,不能用who或whom,也不能用which,而要用that引导定语从句。
例:They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
他们谈到了那些他们记起的在学校的人和事情。
5. 被修饰的成分在主句中是系动词be后面的表语,或关系词本身在定语从句中作表语时,常用that引导定语从句,或省略that。
例:She is no longer the sweet little girl that she used to be.
她再也不是过去的那个可爱的小姑娘了。
6. 主句以There be...开头时常用that引导定语从句。
例:There is a room in that building that is still free.
在那栋楼里有一间房还是空的。
7.主句是以who,which或what开头的特殊疑问句时,用that引导定语从句。
例:Who is the lady that is waiting at the school gate?
那位等在门口的女士是谁?
二、关系代词指代事物时,在下列情况下通常只用which而不用that引导定语从句。
1.在非限制性定语从句中,常用which引导定语从句。
例:I said nothing,which made my mother even more angry.
我什么都没说,这使得我母亲更加生气。
2.当先行词本身是that或是those且指物时。
例:Paul has found that which he lost yesterday.
保罗已找到了他昨天掉的东西。
3.当关系代词前面有介词时,常用which引导定语从句。
例:I like to live in the house,in front of which there is a tall pine tree.
我喜欢住在这房子里,门前有棵高高的松树。
三,关系代词指人时,在下列情况下通常只用who而不用that引导定语从句。
1.先行词是one,ones或anyone时。
例:Any one who leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.
凡是最后离开教室的人都要关灯。
2.当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。
例:Do you know the teacher in blue with a book in his hand who is standing at the gate?
你认识那位穿着蓝衣服、手里拿着一本书站在门口的老师吗?
3. 先行词为those或被those修饰时,常用who引导定语从句。
例:Those who like football can enter for the game.
凡是喜欢足球的人都可以报名参加比赛。
4. 在以There be开头的句子中,常用who引导定语从句。
例:There is a pretty girl who wants to see you.
有一位漂亮的姑娘她想见你。
5. 在非限制性定语从句中,常用who引导定语从句.
例:I met an old friend of mine in the street,who had just come from England.
我在街上遇到了我的一个好朋友,他刚从英国回来*
6. 当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(多用于谚语中)。
例:He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
7. 在介词前置时只用whom。
In the dark forest,there was not a single person to whom she coul
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