英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习,谓语说明主语的动作状态和特征,宾补对宾语的补充全称为宾语补足语,定语修饰或限制名词或代词的词词组或句子,英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
主语(subject)句子说明的人或事物。
Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词)
Helikesdancing.(代词)
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)
Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)
Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)
Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
谓语(predicate)说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
WestudyEnglish.
Heisasleep.
表语(predicative)系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词)
Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代词)
Fiveandfiveisten.(数词)
Heisasleep.(形容词)
Hisfatherisin.(副词)
Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)
Mywatchisgonemissinglost.(形容词化的分词)
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)
Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)
(常见的系动词有be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),
remain(保持,仍是),feel(感觉)...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.
Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.
Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.
宾语:1)动作的承受者-----动宾
IlikeChina.(名词)
Hehatesyou.(代词)
HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.(数词)
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)
Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名)
Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容词)
Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语)
Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(带to不定式)
Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(现在分词)
I’llhavemybikerepaired.(过去分词)
主补:对主语的补充。
Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名词)
Heisourfriend.(代词)
Webelongtothethirdworld.(数词)
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容词)
Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)
TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(现在分词)
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(过去分词)
Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定语从句)
状语:用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
(以下例句按上述顺序排列)
Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.
Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
句子结构
简单句的五个基本句型
主语+不及物动词Shecame./Myheadaches.
主语+及物动词+宾语ShelikesEnglish.
主语+系动词+主语补语Sheishappy.
主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook.
Sheboughtabookforme.
主语+宾补动词+宾语+宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
(There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.)
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
1.主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。(名词)(代词)数词)(动名词)(不定式)(主语从句)(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
2.谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。(二).选出句中谓语的中心词
①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer
③ http://www.oh100.com uallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon
⑤ http://www.oh100.com insC.haveD.breakfast
3.表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。(名词)Seventy-four!Youdon’tlook(代词)(数词)(形容词)(副词)(介词短语)(形容词化的分词)(表语从句)
(常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感觉)……(三)挑出下列句中的表语
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
4.宾语:1)动宾表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如:(名词)(代词)(数词)(动名词)(不定式)(宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)(四)挑出下列句中的宾语
①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
5.宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。(名词)thatshedidn’tcomehere.(名词)(形容词)副词)(介词短语)Don’tlethim(省to不定式)(带to不定式)
Don’tkeepthelights(现在分词)I’llhavemybike(过去分词)
(五)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
6.定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。(名词)(代词)(数词)lesson.(形容词)副词)介词)(现在分词)(过去分词)(不定式)(定语从句)
(六)挑出下列句中的定语
①TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.
②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareCla1andCla3.
④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
7.状语:用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。(以下例句按上述顺序排列)Hedidn’tstudyhard
(七)挑出下列句中的状语
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MiLihurriedoff.
(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
①Pleasetellusastory.
②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.
③Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.
④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.
⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?
参考答案
(一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo
(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C
(三)①tired②worried③yellow④interested⑤first
(四)①hishomework②English③yourpronunciation④newwords⑤togoswimming
(五)①toreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room②totaketheboyoutofschool
③Lily④getonthebus⑤playingfootballontheplayground
(六)①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs
(七)①ontheface②Everynight③whenhewaseleven④fast⑤off
(八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语
③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语