英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习，形式主语主语从句是真正主语，宾补对宾语的补充全称为宾语补足语，英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习，数词动名词不定式主语从句形式主语主语从句是真正主语。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
1.主语（subject）句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）
Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
2.谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.
3.表语（predicative）系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.（名词）
Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）Heisasleep.（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）
Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)
Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.（不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表语从句）
（常见的系动词有be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）,taste（尝、吃起来）,
remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感觉）...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thedoorremainsopen.
4.宾语：
1）动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Weneedtwo.（数词）
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid（宾语从句）
2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake.
Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）
Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名词）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）
6.主补：对主语的补充。Hewaselectedmonitor.
Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
7.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.（名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）
Webelongtothethirdworld.（数词）
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容词）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.（现在分词）
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定语从句）
8.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,或者句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
（以下例句按上述顺序排列）
Iwillgotheretomorrow.
Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.
Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.
Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
基本句子结构
简单句的五个基本句型
主语＋谓语Shecame．/Myheadaches.主语＋谓语＋宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语＋系动词＋表语Sheishappy．
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook．
Sheboughtabookforme.
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry．
Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.
分析下列句子成分
1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.
2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou
3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.
4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.
5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.
6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity．
7.---Iloveyoumorethanher，child．
8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.
9.Theypushedthedooropen.、
10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.