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GRE阅读中的常见规则有哪些

时间:2021-12-04 12:41:44 GRE 我要投稿

GRE阅读中的常见规则有哪些

  在GRE考试的阅读理解部分,其实是可以发现比较常见规则的。以下是百分网小编为大家整理了GRE阅读题中的较为常见的一些规则,一起来看看吧!

GRE阅读常见规则

  GRE阅读中常见4大规则

  1、温和的措辞

  对于这个考试来说,学术化就是最大的纲,也是它迥异于托福雅思的纲,我曾在另文中指出,雅思托福的命题目的是生活化,而对于gre来说,学术化代表着措辞的规范和温和。对于考生的意义在于,文章的整体是温和的,文章里面出现的极端的言辞都是要注意的,文章里面的事实都是与我们学术生活共时的,对于过去的追忆和反现实的虚拟状态,都是非常明显的潜在出题点。尤其是虚拟语气,往往表示应然而非然之状态,很有可能出现负评价,以态度题的方式考察。而一切过分极端的言辞,如绝对的`说法,大多数,比较级尤其是强烈比较级,在文章里的出现要注意,还有一种也是强烈的对比的标志,就是以大写字母标注的时间,指明某时之前或之后,我们称之为时间强对比。以上总结之,即是三大关系,强对比,因果以及转折。表示这些关系的连词,一律要注意,最好做出标记。而对于题目来说,考生要注意以上说法是在哪里出现,如果文章有这些强烈的措辞,那么题目当中对应这些段落的选项也有,就很可能是对的,如果选项出现而文章的相应位置没有,则该选项必错。

  2、对于态度的预见

  主题题,态度题如何解决呢?首先我们需要了解GRE的评价体系。

  对于激进的( 进化论)左的(马列)上纲上线的,通常不与支持,对于以政治干涉学术,尤其反对。

  对于歧视弱者,损害弱者尤其反对,弱者恒强。

  Should, must, should have 等词也是负评价,应然不然。

  选项中极端的,进行人身攻击的,模棱两可的,谄媚的,马上排除,因为这是学术考试。

  选项过分极端的副词,也要小心,如表示绝对的言辞。

  3、如何处理文章

  诸生读此类文章最大误区在于试图读懂,更有甚者,寻求文章之背景,遍寻译文,以期充分理解,虽有燃膏继晷之功,难有吴甲吞楚之效,盖此种文章,非为考生读懂而设计。更有甚者,仿阅读之结构,言辞,图作文之高分,则更加南辕北辙,缘木求鱼而已。请杀鸡诸位谨记:

  这是考试,你只有13—15分钟做题,文章不是用来读懂的,对待长难句最好的办法是考虑怎么不读,少读,而不是分析。

  学术文章特点就是规范,层次清晰,主题明确。

  我们一定要读出套路,尤其是文章观点的数量,这个直接关系到主题题怎么出。

  我们要把每段的层次的连词标记出来,我们还要知道每个层次的主题词是什么,周围有没有否定词(改善题),有没有褒贬的词(态度题,应用题)

  至于例子,也可以考虑不读或者少读,因为GRE阅读重点考观点,例子是事实,事实记得越多,混淆信息越多,做题越慢,准确率越低。对于例子,只要记住位置就可以,题目考到再看,不考坚决不看。以观点记例子,以观点分层次,以观点分逻辑关系。

  4、如何看题

  首先记住,先文后题。

  道理很简单,你直接读题,根本读不懂。

  所以很重要的是搞明白两个问题,这个题目对应文章哪个层次?考的是观点还是例子?

  题型很重要,意义在于告诉你正确选项的特征的如何定位。

  GRE阅读技巧

  阅读习惯

  一、 先读题目还是先读文章?

  一定要先读文章!

  二、 切忌读文章时查词典

  三、 不要逐字读阅读黄金法则:文章中读到什么就是什么,不需要结合其他进行推理。

  专用六先六后:

  1、 先词汇,后阅读(一般剩余13分钟阅读,5分钟小文章,长文章保证简单题一定做对)。

  2、 先短文章,后长文章。

  3、 先读较熟悉的内容的文章,后读陌生的。

  4、 先读较易的,后读难的。

  较易题包括:主题题,态度题,结构题(一般总分式较多),简单的细节题(题干、答案均较短,且好定位)。

  较难题包括:难细节题(特别是罗马数字题),逻辑题,类比题。

  5、 先框架,后细节。

  6、 先排除再猜选(不得已而猜之时)。

  解题六大原则:

  1、 有无之辩:文中没提到的不选。

  2、 正反之辩:一般是顺序错误。或是发生时间先后顺序错误,或是逻辑顺序错误。

  3、 主次之辩4、 全偏之辩:不要以偏盖全。

  5、 宽窄之辩:不要拿范围小的答案去对应较大的概念。

  6、 强弱之辩:态度题中特别需要注意。如:intense(强,表过度紧张)。

  GRE文章阅读的三大语言关系:1、 moreover——顺接关系furthermore, further, thus, in addition等 2、 转折关系however, but, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, indeed, in fact, practically, actually, virtually等however表示:①转折②让步:与形容词和副词作插入语时表让步语气③递进:在句末时,看似是转折,其实是将话不说的绝对化,并进而将自己观点进行拓展。

  but/yet:①若在首段第二句或二段首句出现,则是在语气、态度上的大转折。

  ②若在理论或现象刚刚说完之后,则对其的解释是持负评价。

  3、 让步关系:(although, though不考)。

  关键词:do/may/have做助动词,表强调;或表强调的词,如:no doubt, no problem, absolutely等;而一般文章在强调后均会有一个让步。

  GRE阅读练习题

  An influential early view held that ecosystems contain niches for a limited number of species and that competition for resources among species—whether native or nonnative invading ones — determines ecosystems’ species composition. However, factors other than competition often help explain invading species’ success. For example, the American grey squirrel, often cited as a classic example of competitively superior invading species, was introduced in England in 1876 and now thrives, while the native red squirrel population has declined. Although scientists have found gray squirrels to be more efficient foragers than red ones, they also note that even before the gray squirrel’s arrival, Britain’s red squirrel populations had a periodic tendency to die out, only to be subsequently reintroduced. Furthermore, many gray squirrels are silent carriers of a disease fatal to red squirrels.

  1. It can be inferred that the author of the passage mentions the efficiency with which gray squirrels forage primarily in order to

  A. identify a factor that explains a certain phenomenon

  B. call attention to an inconsistency in a particular theory

  C. suggest that competition cannot be the factor responsible for a particular outcome

  D. acknowledge a fact that appears to support a view that the author intends to qualify

  E. cite evidence that is not consistent with an early influential view about species competition

  2. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about the “early view?”

  A. It reflects a mistaken assumption about the means by which nonnative species are introduced into ecosystems.

  B. Its basic premise is shown to be valid by the effect of American gray squirrels on Britain’s red squirrel population.

  C. It presents a simplistic picture of the means by which species composition within ecosystems is determined.

  D. It can effectively explain the formation of ecosystems that contain few species but cannot adequately account for the formation of complex ecosystems.

  E. It understates the importance of competition as a factor determining species composition within ecosystems.

  2. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about the “early view?”

  A. It reflects a mistaken assumption about the means by which nonnative species are introduced into ecosystems.

  B. Its basic premise is shown to be valid by the effect of American gray squirrels on Britain’s red squirrel population.

  C. It presents a simplistic picture of the means by which species composition within ecosystems is determined.

  D. It can effectively explain the formation of ecosystems that contain few species but cannot adequately account for the formation of complex ecosystems.

  E. It understates the importance of competition as a factor determining species composition within ecosystems.


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