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高中定语从句例子
定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要组成部分，它不仅在英语写作中起到锦上添花的作用，更是高考英语考试中的必考内容之一。下面是小编收集整理的高中定语从句例子，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
高中定语从句例子
(一)定义及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A、引导定语从句;
B、代替先行词;
C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
(二)关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
3.Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
4.That 指人时，相当于who 或whom;指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?
The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5.Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。
I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
(三)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。
This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.
This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。
We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.
We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。
The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。
注意：
1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) 这是我正在找的手表。
This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)
The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (正) 那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。
The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. (误)
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that;关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. (正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。
The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误)
The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。
The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)
3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大城市。
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life. 迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中3部是关于农村生活的。
词+关系代词引导的定语从句特例
1)...... ， ...of +关系代词。2)which 代替this/that/the
(四)关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗?
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。
Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗?
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。
注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：
From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 自从他在农村读小学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。
Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live. 他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。
The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear. 他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。
(五)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
译法上：译成先行词的定语：“...的”
关系词的使用上：A.作宾语时可省略 B.可用that C.可用who 代替whom
非限制性定语从句
形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上：A.不可省略 B.不用that C.不可用who 代替whom
限制性定语从句举例：
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。
China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
In the street I saw a man who was from Africa. 在街上我看到一个来自非洲的人。
非限制性定语从句举例 ：
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 中国是1949年成立的， 现在正变得越来越强大。
Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year. 去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。
高中定语从句
一、定语从句
定语从句(Attributi ve Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语， 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which“结构，因此常常和”介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
四、判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错(注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线;用不同的颜色表示出。)
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one
答案：例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D.
而句2中， 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。
五、限制性和非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词， 对其进行修饰， 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
六、介词+关系词
1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2)that前不能有介词。
3) 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
七、as, which非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that.As一般放在句首，which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
典型例题
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. itB. thatC. whichD. he
答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which,it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it
答案B.which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.
A. thatB. whichC. asD. it
答案B.
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.
在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B.
As 的用法
例1. the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构， 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有正如。
As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.
As is know, smoking is harmful to ones health.
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。
八、先行词和关系词二合一
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.
(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.
(what 可以用all that代替)
what/whatever/that……
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.
(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.
(what 可以用all that代替)
九、关系代词that的用法
1)不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中，只用that,不用which.
b)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that,不用which.
c)先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that.
d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that.
e)先行词既有人，又有物时。
举例：
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察
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