英语短语的类型
短语由一个头(也称为词首)和一个或多个可选的修饰语组成，一个短语还可以包含其他短语组成。以下是小编整理的英语短语的类型，希望对大家有所帮助。
1. to do 结构题
ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事
tell sb to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事
help sb ( to) do sth. 协助做某事
want sb to do sth. 想要做某事
wish sb to do sth. 希望做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 约请某人做某事
drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事
plan to do sth. 方案做某事
prepare to do sth. 预备做某事
pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事
promise to do sth. 容许做某事
refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
need sb to do sth. 需要某人做某事
need doing =need to be done. 某事需要被做
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许某人做某事
2. -ing 结构
consider doing sth. 思索做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
give up doing sth. 保持做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
put off doing sth. 推延做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
forbid doing sth. 制止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
3. 既 +to 又 +ing
remember to do sth. 记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
regret to do sth. 遗憾地（要）做某事 （还未做呢）
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(已经做过了）
try to do sth. 努力做谋事,尽力做某事，但不一定成功
try doing sth. 试图做谋事
stop to do 表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情
stop doing 表示停止现在在做的事情
mean to do sth. 计划做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
go on to do sth. 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事
4. do 动词原形
let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
make sth. done 使某事完成
have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
have sth done 做完某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
see sb doing 看人某人正在做
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事
hear sb doing 听见某人正在做
listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事
listen sb doing sth 听着某人正在做
look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事
watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事
feel sb. do sth. 觉得某人做某事
5. 双宾语
give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
lend sth to sb 借某物给某人
buy sth for sb =buy sb sth 给某人买某物
show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
6. be 动词结构
be at home = stay at home 在家
be in trouble 有麻烦
be careful of 小心……
be late for 因……迟到
be free 空闲的，有空
be busy doing/with sth 忙于……
be covered with 被……复盖
be ready for 为……作好准备
be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶
be interested in 对……感到举
be excited about 激动于
be angry with 愤怒于
be mad at 疯狂于
be friendly to 友好地去
be pleased with 很高兴做
be satisfied with 对……很满意
be famous for 因……而著名
be famous as 作为……而著名
be strict with 对……严格
be strict in 在……方面严格
be afraid of 害怕……
be afraid to do 害怕去做……
be glad to do 很高兴去做……
be good for 对……有好处
be bad for 对……有害处
be good at = do well in 擅长
be able to do 能去做……
7. 固定搭配
have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会
have a try 试一试
have a good time 玩得很高兴
have fun 玩得高兴
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭
have a fever 发烧
have a cold 感冒
have a look (at) 看一看……
have a rest 休息一会儿
have a talk 谈话
have a walk =take a walk 散步
make friends (with) 与……交朋友
make a living 谋生
make a mistake 犯错误
make a sentence 造句
be made from/of 由……制成
be made in 在……地方制造
look after =take care of 照管，照看，
look for 寻找
look like 看上去像
look out 当心，小心
look around 朝四周看
look at 看着……
put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)
put up 张帖
set up 竖起，建起
set off 出发，动身
set out 出发
send for 派人去请
take ones advice 听从某人劝告
take out 拿出，取出
take down 拿下
take place 发生
take the place of 代替
take it easy 别紧张
take away 拿走
take off 脱下,起飞，休假
day off / have off 休假
take photos 拍照
take some medicine 服药
turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)
turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)
turn down (把音量)调低
turn up 调高
turn in 交出，上交
turn…into… 变成
turn…over 把……翻过来
at once 立刻
at last 最后
at first 起先，首先
at the age of… 在……岁时
at the end of… 在……之末
by the end of… 到……底为止
at the beginning of… 在……之初
at night/noon 在夜里/中午
in the day 在白天
in all 总共
in fact 事实上
in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时
in a hurry 匆忙
in time 及时
in public 公众，公开地
in order to 为了……
in front of 在……前面
in the front of 在某物内的前面
in the end 最后，终于
in turn 依次
of course 当然
from now on 从现在起
from then on 从那时起
for example 例如
far away from 远离
a piece of 一张(一片，块)
a cup of 一茶怀
a glass of 一玻璃杯
a box of 一盒
a bottle of 一瓶
a set of 一套
a group of 一队，一组，一群
a kind of 一种
all kinds of 所有种类
a type of 一种类型的
a different type of 一种不同型号的
a great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可数名词)
a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可数名词)
a great many 大量，许多(可数名词)
all over the world/the country 全世界/全国
day after day 日复一日
day by day 一天天
up and down 上上下下
the day after tomorrow 后天
the day before yesterday 前天
8. 其他固定搭配
langht at 嘲笑
be used to doing习惯于
used to 过去常常
use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
wake…up 唤醒
work out 算出
hurry up 赶快，快点
think about 考虑……
think of 想到
be anxious about 担忧
throw away 扔掉
hear of 听说
hear from 收到……来信
instead of 代替……
with ones help 在某人的帮助下，由于
with the help of … 在……的帮助下
to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是
up and down 上上下下
just now/then 刚才/那时
late on 过后，后来
work / study hard 努力工作
come out 解出
wait for 等待
do morning exercises 做早操
do eye exercises 做眼保健操
get on/along (well) with 与……相处（融洽）
常用英语短语动词
look的常用短语：
look up…in查找
look sb. up and down上下打量
look back to/ upon回顾
look upon…as把…看作
look forward to期待
look through浏览;看穿
take a new look呈现新面貌
fear的常用短语：
in fear害怕地
(be) in fear of害怕
for fear of/ that担心；生怕
concentrate的常用短语：
concentrate on专心…
concentrate one’s mind on专心于…类似的短语：
fix one’s mind upon
focus on
put one’s heart into
focus one’s mind on
surprise常用短语：
in surprise惊讶地
to one’s surprise使某人惊讶的是
be surprise at/to do/that对某事感到惊讶
表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语
1．表示动作的有：
pull on
put on
dress
dress sb
2.表示状态的有：
wear
be in
be dressed in
have…on
常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词
like
care for
be keen on
be fond of
take delight in…
trouble的常用短语：
have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing在…有/没有困难
take great trouble to do不辞辛劳做某事
put sb to the trouble of doing…为难某人做某事
make trouble捣乱
be in (great) trouble惹麻烦；处在困境中
help sb. out of trouble帮某人摆脱困境
end的常用短语：
come to anend……结束
put anendto结束……
onend竖起,连续
in theend终于;最后
endup (by) doing…以……结束
make bothends meet收支相抵
表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：
1.导致
cause sth. (to do)
result in
lead to
2.由……引起
be caused by
resultfrom
grow out of
lie in
表“全力以赴”的短语：
do / try one’s best
spare no efforts to do
take great pains to do
go all out to do
do what somebody can (do) to do
do all somebody can (do) to do
direction常用短语：
in (the ) direction of….朝……方向
under the direction of ...在……的指导下
follow the directions照说明去做
far常用短语：
farfrom(being)离……要求相差很远
farfrom+(a place)距离某地很远
far away遥远
so far到目前为止;那么远
as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知
by far
(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用
distance常用短语：
in the distance在远处
from/ at a distance从远处
keep sb. at a distance于某人保持一定距离
It is no distance at all.不远
use常用短语：
used to do过去曾经、常做
be used to doing…习惯于……
be used to do被用来做……
make good/ full use of充分利用……
come into use开始使用……
it is no use doing…干……没有用
“出了什么事”的几种不同表达
What’s wrong with….?
What’s the matter with…?
What’s the trouble with…?
What happened (to sb.) ?
“众所周知”常用表达法：
It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省
As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首
We all know (that)后接宾语从句
Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句
, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末
表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：
agree with sb. /what sb. said
agree to sth.
approve (of) sth.
in favour of sth.
be agreeable to sth.
be for sth.“不同意”
disagree with sb./ what sb. said
object to sth.
disapprove (of) sth.
be against sth.
sign的常用短语：
sign one’s name签名
sign to sb (not) to do sth.示意某人(不)做某事
signs of………的迹象
would rather与prefer的区别
1．宁愿做……而不做……
would rather do A than do B
prefer A to B
prefer to do A rather than do B
2. would rather主语+过去式，表示“宁愿”
eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.
should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer主语+过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”
eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.
OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.
trap常用短语
be caught in a trap落入圈套
be led into a trap中圈套
set a trap to do sth.设圈套……
be trapped in sth.被…..所围困
grow常用短语
in the grow of在….成长中
grow up长大;成长
grow rich on靠…..变富
grow into长成……
grow out of由…..引起/滋生出
make常用短语
be made up of =consist of由……组成
make up for弥补
be madefrom/ of由……造成
make up编造;组成;化妆
be made into制成……
make fun of取笑;嘲弄
make a living谋生
supply, provide, offer的区别：
1．表示“向某人提供某物”
supply / provide sb. with sth.
supply / provide sth. for sb.
supply sth. to sb.
offer sb. sth.
2.表示“主动提出做某事”
offer to do sth.
3.表示“倘使”、“假如”
provided / providing that
= on condition that
=only if
4.表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.
supply的常用短语
in short supply缺乏，不足
medical/military supply医疗/军用品
supplies of…许多
lack的常用短语
be lacking in sth.在……不足
make up for the lack of弥补……的不足
for/by/from/through lack of…由于…不足,缺乏
have no lack of不缺
damage的常用短语
do damage/harm to对……有害
cause damage to对……造成损害
ask for damage要求赔偿
die of与diefrom的区别
die of表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。
die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold
diefrom表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：
diefrompolluted air/overwork/sword thrust
die常用短语
die for one’s country为国捐躯
die down熄灭、平息
die off绝种、枯死
die away消逝、静下来
die a heroic death英勇牺牲
threaten常用短语
threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人
threaten to do…威胁做……
under the threat of…在……的威胁下
speed常用短语
speed up加速
at the speed of…以…..的速度
with great speed迅速
aim常用短语
take aim at瞄准
reach an aim达到目的
aim at瞄准、针对
permit与allow的区别表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。
permit/allow doing sth.
permit/allow sb. to do sth.
permit /allow of sth一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit
Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.
allow还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：
1. We allow him to be wronged.
2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.
means常用短语
by means of通过…..,靠……
by this means/ in this way用这种方法
by no means/in no case决不
by all means用一切办法
keep常用短语
keep up with紧跟…..
keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做
keep sb.fromdoing sth.阻止…..做……
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep to the point紧扣主题
keep in touch with与……保持联系
mark常用短语
make one’s mark成功、出名
be marked with标明
gain/get full marks for……得满分
seat常用短语
take one’s seat坐下
have a seat请坐
see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在….
be seated就座,坐着
seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……
部分动词+ to + doing的用法
look forward to
get down to
object to
devote…to…
pay attention to
prefer…to…
give常用短语
give up放弃
give in让步屈服
give off散发出
give away赠送、泄漏
give rise to引起……
give out疲劳、用完、散发出
fit常用短语
be fit for适合
keep fit/keep healthy保持健康
be fit to do适合于…..
fit in with适应……
a nice fit合身的衣服…fit sb.某人穿…..合身
reach常用短语
reach an agreement达成协议
reach for…伸手去拿/够……
within / out of reach够得到/够不着
reach sb’s understanding使某人明白
feed常用短语
feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth.用……喂养……
be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…对……感到厌倦
feed on以……为食
mercy常用短语
without mercy残忍地
have mercy on /upon对……表示怜悯
at the mercy of任凭摆布
beg for mercy乞求饶恕
exist常用短语
exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……
in existence现存的
come into existence/ come into being形成
opinion常用短语
in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来
have a high/ low opinion of对……评价高/低
give one’s opinion on对……谈自己的看法
persuade常用短语
persuade sb. to do =
persuade sb. into doing说服某人做某事
try to persuade sb. to do试图说服某人做某事
persuade sb. to sth.说服某人同意某事
engage常用短语
be engaged to sb.与某人订婚
be engaged in sth. =
be engaged doing sth.忙于……,从事某事
wide与broad的区别它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”
a river 50 feet wide/ broad指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad,表示“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。
broad shoulders/ back
with wide eyes
open one’s mouth wide
wide还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地”
be wide awake
be wide open
sure常用短语
be sure of/about对……由把握
be sure to do sth.肯定会……
make sure + that-clause务必……,一定要……
make sure of…弄清楚……
experience常用短语
have experience in…在……有经验
be experienced in…在……有经验
pain常用短语
take great pains to do努力做某事
spare no pains to do全力以赴做某事
stick常用短语
stick to sth.坚持……
stick…on…粘贴……
be stuck in…陷进……
stick no bills请勿张贴
spare常用短语
spare money/time for省出钱…，腾出时间
in one’s spare time在某人业余时间
spare no efforts to do不遗余力去做
don’t spare the opinions不要保留意见
put down的不同含义
put down (one’s knife and fork)放下……
pit down the rebellion镇压
put down what sb. says记下，写下
take up的不同含义
take up a hobby培养……
take up football开始……
take up the work继续……
take up…time/space消耗,占据……
take up a post就职
take up a song/ cry跟着一起……
habit常用短语
form/get the habit of养成……习惯
be in/have the habit of有…….习惯
get into the habit of沾染了……恶习
get rid of the habit=
grow out of the habit=
break awayfromthe habit
改掉了……习惯
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