福克纳的诺贝尔文学奖颁奖仪式上的致辞,他们中肯定有人有一天也会站到我现在站着的地方来的,他必须使自己明白世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧,他不是为遍地白骨而悲伤所以留不下深刻的痕肌
福克纳诺贝尔获奖致辞
OnAcceptingNobelPrize
Ifeelthatthisawardwasnotmadetomeasaman,buttomywork--alife'sworkintheagonyandsweatofthehumanspirit,notforgloryandleastofallforprofit,buttocreateoutofthematerialsofthehumanspiritsomethingwhichdidnotexistbefore.Sothisawardisonlymineintrust.Itwillnotbedifficulttofindadedicationforthemoneypartofitcommensuratewiththepurposeandsignificanceofitsorigin.ButIwouldliketodothesamewiththeacclaimtoo,byusingthismomentasapinnaclefromwhichImightbelistenedtobytheyoungmenandwomenalreadydedicatedtothesameanguishandtravail,amongwhomisalreadythatonewhowillsomedaystandherewhereIamstanding.
我感到这份奖金不是授予我个人而是授予我的工作的,授予我一生从事关于人类精神的呕心沥血工作.我从事这项工作,不是为名,更不是为利,而是为了从人的精神原料中创造出一些从前不曾有过的东西.因此,这份奖金只不过是托我保管而已.为这份奖金的钱找到与奖金原来的目的和意义相称的用途并不难,但我还想为奖金的荣誉找到承受者.我愿意利用这个时刻,利用这个举世瞩目的讲坛,向那些听到我说话并已献身同一艰苦劳动的男女青年致敬.他们中肯定有人有一天也会站到我现在站着的地方.
Ourtragedytodayisageneralanduniversalphysicalfearsolongsustainedbynowthatwecanevenbearit.Therearenolongerproblemsofthespirit.Thereisonlythequestion:WhenwillIbeblownup?Becauseofthis,theyoungmanorwomanwritingtodayhasforgottentheproblemsofthehumanheartinconflictwithitselfwhichalonecanmakegoodwritingbecauseonlythatisworthwritingabout,worththeagonyandthesweat.
我们今天的悲剧是人们普遍存在一种生理上的恐惧,这种恐惧存在已久,以致我们能够忍受下去了.现在再没有精神上的问题了.唯一的问题是:我什么时候会被炸得粉身碎骨?正因为如此,今天从事写作的男女青年已经忘记了人类内心的冲突.然而,只有接触到这种内心冲突才能产生出好作品,因为这是唯一值得写,值得呕心沥血地去写的.
Hemustlearnthemagain.Hemustteachhimselfthatthebasestofallthingsistobeafraid;and,teachinghimselfthat,forgetitforever,leavingnoroominhisworkshopforanythingbuttheoldveritiesandtruthsoftheheart,theolduniversaltruthslackingwhichanystoryisephemeralanddoomed--loveandhonorandpityandprideandcompassionandsacrifice.Untilhedoesso,helaborsunderacurse.Hewritesnotoflovebutoflust,ofdefeatsinwhichnobodylosesanythingofvalue,ofvictorieswithouthopeand,worstofall,withoutpityorcompassion.Hisgriefsgrieveonnouniversalbones,leavingnoscars.Hewritesnotoftheheartbutoftheglands.
他一定要重新认识这些问题.他必须使自己明白世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧.他必须使自己永远忘却恐惧,在他的工作室里除了心底古老的真理之外,不允许任何别的东西有容身之地.缺了这古老的普遍真理,任何小说都只能昙花一现,注定要失败;这些真理就是爱情,荣誉,怜悯,自尊,同情,牺牲等感情.若是他做不到这样,他的力气终归白费.他不是写爱情而是写情欲,他写的失败是没有人感到失去可贵东西的失败,他写的胜利是没有希望,甚至没有怜悯或同情的胜利.他不是为有普遍意义的死亡而悲伤,所以留不下深刻的痕迹.他不是在写心灵而是在写器官.
Untilherelearnsthesethings,hewillwriteasthoughhestoodamongandwatchedtheendofman.Ideclinetoaccepttheendofman.Itiseasyenoughtosaythatmanisimmortalsimplybecausehewillendure:thatwhenthelastding-dongofdoomhasclangedandfadedfromthelastworthlerockhangingtideleinthelastredanddyingevening,thateventhentherewillstillbeonemoresound:thatofhispunyinexhaustiblevoice,stilltalking.Irefusetoacceptthis.Ibelievethatmanwillnotmerelyendure:hewillprevail.Heisimmortal,notbecausehealoneamongcreatureshasaninexhaustiblevoice,butbecausehehasasoul,aspiritcapableofcompassionandsacrificeandendurance.
在他重新懂得这些之前,他写作时,就犹如站在人类末日中去观察末日的来临.我不接受人类末日的手法.因为人能传种接代而说人是不朽的,这很容易.因为即使最后一次钟声已经消失,消失在再也没有潮水冲刷,映在落日的余晖里,海上最后一块无用的礁石之旁时,还会有一个声音,那就是人类微弱的,不断的说话声,这样说也很容易.但是我不能接受这种说法.我相信人类不仅能传种接代,而且能战胜一切.人之不朽不是因为在动物中唯独他能永远发出声音,而是因为他有灵魂,有同情心,有牺牲和忍耐精神.
Thepoet’s,thewriter's,dutyistowriteaboutthesethings.Itishisprivilegetohelpmanendurebyliftinghisheart,byremindinghimofthecourageandhonorandhopeandprideandcompassionandpityandsacrificewhichhavebeenthegloryofhispast.Thepoet'svoiceneednotmerelybetherecordofman,itcanbeoneoftheprops,thepillarstohelphimendureandprevail.
诗人和作家的责任就是把这些写出来.诗人和作家的特殊光荣就是去鼓舞人的斗志,使人记住过去曾经有过的光荣他曾有过的勇气,荣誉,希望,自尊,同情,怜悯与牺牲精神以达到不朽.诗人的声音不应只是人类的纪录,而应是帮助人类永存并得到胜利的支柱和栋梁.
GettysburgAddress
(1)Fourscoreandsevenyearsago,ourfathersbroughtforthonthiscontinentanewnation,conceivedinliberty,anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.Nowweareengagedinagreatcivilwar,testingwhetherthatnation,oranynationsoconceivedandsodedicated,canlongendure.Wearemetonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofthatfield,asafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoheregavetheirlivesthatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.Butinalargersense,wecannotdedicate—wecannotconsecrate—wecannothallow—thisground.Thebravemen,livinganddead,whostruggledhere,haveconsecratedit,faraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract.Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongremember,whatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.Itisforustheliving,rather,tobededicatedheretotheunfinishedworkwhichtheywhofoughtherehavethusfarsonoblyadvanced.Itisratherforustobeherededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus—thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheygavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion—thatweherehighlyresolvethatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain—thatthisnation,underGod,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom—andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.
ByAbrahamLincoln
美国总统林肯葛底斯堡演讲词
八十七年前,我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家,它孕育于自由之中,奉行一切人生来平等的原则。现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战,以考验这个国家,或者说以考验任何一个孕育于自由而奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命,我们在此集会是为了把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的.但是,从更广泛的意义上来说,这块土地我们不能够奉献,我们不能够圣化,我们不能够神化。曾经在这里战斗过的勇士们,活着的和去世的,已经把这块土地神圣化了,这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。全世界将很少注意到,也不会长期地记起我们今天在这里所说的话,但全世界永远不会忘记勇士们在这里做过的事。勿宁说,倒是我们这些还活着的人,应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务,以便使我们从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的奉献精神,来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业;以便使我们在这里下定最大的决心,不让这些死者们白白牺牲;以便使国家在上帝幅佑下得到自由的新生,并且使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。
威廉福克纳诺贝尔文学奖获奖致辞
福克纳的诺贝尔文学奖颁奖仪式上的致辞
我感到这份奖赏不是授予我个人而是授予我的工作的,——授予我一生从事关于人类精神的呕心沥血的工作。我从事这项工作,不是为名,更不是为利,而是为了从人的精神原料中创造出一些从前不曾有过的东西。因此,这份奖金只不过是托我保管而已。作出符合这份奖赏的原意与目的,与其奖金部分有相等价值的献词并不难,但我还愿意利用这个时刻,利用这个举世瞩目的讲坛,向那些可能听到我说话并已献身于同一艰苦劳动的男、女青年致敬。他们中肯定有人有一天也会站到我现在站着的地方来的。我们今天的悲剧是人们普遍存在一种生理上的恐惧,这种恐惧存在已久,以致我们已经习惯了。现在不存在精神上的问题,唯一的问题是:我什么时候会被炸得粉身碎骨?正因入此,今天从事写作的男、女青年已经忘记了人类内心的冲突。然而,只有接触到这种内心冲突才能产生出好作品,因为这是唯一值得写、值得呕心沥血地去写地题材。他一定要重新认识这些问题。他必须使自己明白世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧。他必须使自己永远忘却恐惧,在他的工作室里除了心底古老的真理之外,不允许任何别的东西有容身之地。没有这古老的普遍真理,任何小说都只能昙花一现,不会成功;这些真理就是爱情、荣誉、怜悯、自尊、同情与牺牲等感情。若是他做不到这样,他的气力终归白费。他不是写爱情而是写情欲,他写的失败是没有人失去可贵东西的失败,他写的胜利是没有希望、更糟地是,甚至没有怜悯或同情的胜利。他不是为遍地白骨而悲伤,所以留不下深刻的痕迹。他不是在写心灵而是在写器官。在他重新懂得这些之前,他写作时,就犹如站在处于世界末日的人类中去观察末日的来临。我不接受人类末日的说法。因人能传种接代而说人是不朽的,这很容易。说即使最后一次钟声已经消失,消失在再也没有潮水冲刷的映在落日余晖里的海上的最后一块无用礁石旁时,还会有一个声音,人类微弱的、不断的说话声,这也很容易。但是我不能接受这种说法。我相信人类不仅能传种接代,而且能战胜一切而永存。人之不朽不是因为在动物中惟独他永远能发言,而是因为他有灵魂,有同情心、有牺牲和忍耐精神。诗人和作家的责任就是把这些写出来。诗人和作家的特殊光荣就是去鼓舞人的斗志,使人记住过去曾经有过的光荣——人类曾有过的勇气、荣誉、希望、自尊、同情、怜悯与牺牲精神——已达到不朽。诗人的声音不应只是人类的记录,而应是使人类永存并得到胜利的支柱和栋梁。NobelPrizeAcceptanceSpeech/WilliamFaulkner
Ifeelthatthisawardwasnotmadetomeasaman,buttomywork--alife'sworkintheagonyandsweatofthehumanspirit,notforgloryandleastofallforprofit,buttocreateoutofthematerialsofthehumanspiritsomethingwhichdidnotexistbefore.Sothisawardisonlymineintrust.Itwillnotbedifficulttofindadedicationforthemoneypartofitcommensuratewiththepurposeandsignificanceofitsorigin.ButIwouldliketodothesamewiththeacclaimtoo,byusingthismomentasapinnaclefromwhichImightbelistenedtobytheyoungmenandwomenalreadydedicate
dtothesameanguishandtravail,amongwhomisalreadythatonewhowillsomedaystandherewhereIamstanding.
Ourtragedytodayisageneralanduniversalphysicalfearsolongsustainedbynowthatwecanevenbearit.Therearenolongerproblemsofthespirit.Thereisonlythequestion:WhenwillIbeblownup?Becauseofthis,theyoungmanorwomanwritingtodayhasforgottentheproblemsofthehumanheartinconflictwithitselfwhichalonecanmakegoodwritingbecauseonlythatisworthwritingabout,worththeagonyandthesweat.
Hemustlearnthemagain.Hemustteachhimselfthatthebasestofallthingsistobeafraid;and,teachinghimselfthat,forgetitforever,leavingnoroominhisworkshopforanythingbuttheoldveritiesandtruthsoftheheart,theolduniversaltruthslackingwhichanystoryisephemeralanddoomed--loveandhonorandpityandprideandcompassionandsacrifice.Untilhedoesso,helaborsunderacurse.Hewritesnotoflovebutoflust,ofdefeatsinwhichnobodylosesanythingofvalue,ofvictorieswithouthopeand,worstofall,withoutpityorcompassion.Hisgriefsgrieveonnouniversalbones,leavingnoscars.Hewritesnotoftheheartbutoftheglands.Untilherelearnsthesethings,hewillwriteasthoughhestoodamongandwatchedtheendofman.Ideclinetoaccepttheendofman.Itiseasyenoughtosaythatmanisimmortalsimplybecausehewillendure:thatwhenthelastding-dongofdoomhasclangedandfadedfromthelastworthlerockhangingtideleinthelastredanddyingevening,thateventhentherewillstillbeonemoresound:thatofhispunyinexhaustiblevoice,stilltalking.Irefusetoacceptthis.Ibelievethatmanwillnotmerelyendure:hewillprevail.Heisimmortal,notbecausehealoneamongcreatureshasaninexhaustiblevoice,butbecausehehasasoul,aspiritcapableofcompassionandsacrificeandendurance.
Thepoet's,thewriter's,dutyistowriteaboutthesethings.Itishisprivilegetohelpmanendurebyliftinghisheart,byremindinghimofthecourageandhonorandhopeandprideandcompassionandpityandsacrificewhichhavebeenthegloryofhispast.Thepoet'svoiceneednotmerelybetherecordofman,itcanbeoneoftheprops,thepillarstohelphimendureandprevail.
鼎力推荐福克纳诺贝尔奖致辞
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福克纳诺贝尔奖致辞
(WilliamFaulkner:NobelPrizeAcceptanceSpeech)
不管在什么地方,只要谈到美国文学,人们都认为威廉·福克纳是二十世纪最伟大的作家之一。他是美国“南方文学”派的创始人,也是整个西方最有影响的现代派小说家之一。他的代表作品有《喧哗与骚动》、《八月之光》等等。
福克纳从小生长在美国南方,年轻时曾在当地邮政局做过一阵不太负责任的局长,后因玩忽职守而被辞退。他游历过许多地方,但最终依然回到美国南方,并且所有的作品都以南方为背景。1949年,因为“他对当代美国小说作出了强有力的和艺术上无与伦比的贡献”,福克纳获诺贝尔文学奖。
本片演讲的内容,是福克纳在一九四九年度诺贝尔文学奖获奖时所作的答辞。这是一篇脍炙人口的演讲词。然而,由于福克纳本人对语言运用的独特性和精深性。对初学者来说,这篇美文也许颇有些难度。
Ifeelthatthisawardwasnotmadetomeasaman,buttomywork--alife'sworkintheagonyandsweatofthehumanspirit,notforgloryandleastofallforprofit,buttocreateoutofthematerialsofthehumanspiritsomethingwhichdidnotexistbefore.
我感觉,这个奖不是授予我这个人,而是授予我的工作,它是对我呕心沥血、毕生从事的人类精神探索的工作的肯定。我的这项工作不为名,更不图利,而是要从人类精神的原始素材里创造出前所未有的东西。
演讲全文:NobelPrizeAcceptanceSpeech/WilliamFaulkner
Ifeelthatthisawardwasnotmadetomeasaman,buttomywork--alife'sworkintheagonyandsweatofthehumanspirit,notforgloryandleastofallforprofit,buttocreateoutofthematerialsofthehumanspiritsomethingwhichdidnotexistbefore.Sothisawardisonlymineintrust.Itwillnotbedifficulttofindadedicationforthemoneypartofitcommensuratewiththepurposeandsignificanceofitsorigin.ButIwouldliketodothesamewiththeacclaimtoo,byusingthismomentasapinnaclefromwhichImightbelistenedtobytheyoungmenandwomenalreadydedicatedtothesameanguishandtravail,amongwhomisalreadythatonewhowillsomedaystandherewhereIamstanding.
Ourtragedytodayisageneralanduniversalphysicalfearsolongsustainedbynowthatwecanevenbearit.Therearenolongerproblemsofthespirit.Thereisonlythequestion:WhenwillIbeblownup?Becauseofthis,theyoungmanorwomanwritingtodayhasforgottentheproblemsofthehumanheartinconflictwithitselfwhichalonecanmakegoodwritingbecauseonlythatisworthwritingabout,worththeagonyandthesweat.
Hemustlearnthemagain.Hemustteachhimselfthatthebasestofallthingsistobeafraid;and,teachinghimselfthat,forgetitforever,leavingnoroominhisworkshopforanythingbuttheoldveritiesandtruthsoftheheart,theolduniversaltruthslackingwhichanystoryisephemeralanddoomed--loveandhonorandpityandprideandcompassionandsacrifice.Untilhedoesso,helaborsunderacurse.Hewritesnotoflovebutoflust,ofdefeatsinwhichnobodylosesanythingofvalue,ofvictorieswithouthopeand,worstofall,withoutpityorcompassion.Hisgriefsgrieveonnouniversalbones,leavingnoscars.Hewritesnotoftheheartbutoftheglands.
Untilherelearnsthesethings,hewillwriteasthoughhestoodamongandwatchedtheendofman.Ideclinetoaccepttheendofman.Itiseasyenoughtosaythatmanisimmortalsimplybecausehewillendure:thatwhen
thelastding-dongofdoomhasclangedandfadedfromthelastworthlerockhangingtideleinthelastredanddyingevening,thateventhentherewillstillbeonemoresound:thatofhispunyinexhaustiblevoice,stilltalking.Irefusetoacceptthis.Ibelievethatmanwillnotmerelyendure:hewillprevail.Heisimmortal,notbecausehealoneamongcreatureshasaninexhaustiblevoice,butbecausehehasasoul,aspiritcapableofcompassionandsacrificeandendurance.
Thepoet's,thewriter's,dutyistowriteaboutthesethings.Itishisprivilegetohelpmanendurebyliftinghisheart,byremindinghimofthecourageandhonorandhopeandprideandcompassionandpityandsacrificewhichhavebeenthegloryofhispast.Thepoet'svoiceneednotmerelybetherecordofman,itcanbeoneoftheprops,thepillarstohelphimendureandprevail.