二主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体一般位于句首，作形式主语真正的主语为后面的不定式，一指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分，二指出下列句中主语的中心词。
句子成分练习1
语法复习句子成分练习题[1]
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.（数词）
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.
（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词）
Isityours?（代词）
Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）
Thespeechisexciting.（分词）
Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）
HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）
Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）
Thesed.（代词）
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词）
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）
（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）
Waitaminute.（名词）
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）
状语种类如下：
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.（条件状语）
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语）
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语）
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步状语）
Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）
练习一
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting(itis)!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（）、状语[]、补语<>：
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
四、选择填空：
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://www.oh100.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://www.oh100.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where
答案
一、1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
句子成分练习1
句子成分练习1
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
3.Iyourafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
7.HetookmanyphotosBeijing.8.Therean
9.HeforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hisis
http://www.oh100.com ime.12.Tomcame
16.Wouldyouplease17.He二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）:
Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthe1
garden.
三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
句子成分练习题2
一、指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
2.People’sstandardsofliving5.I’llreturnthebook8.TherearemanyfilmIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.
12．13．22.
二、指出下列句中主语的中心词
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
②Thereisanoldmancominghere.
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
三、指出句中谓语的中心词
2
①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.
②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?
④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?
⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.
⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.
⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.
⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.
⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?
四、挑出下列句中的宾语
①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.
⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.
⑧Goacrothebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩Theydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
五、挑出下列句中的表语
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.
②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?
③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.
④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
六、挑出下列句中的定语
①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.
②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareCla1andCla3.
④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!
七、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
八、挑出下列句中的状语
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MiLihurriedoff.
⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.
⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.
⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
九、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
①Pleasetellusastory.
②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.
③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.
④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.
⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?
十、分析并标出下面短文中每个句子的主要成分
ElizabethBlackwellwasborninEnglandin1821,andmovedtoNewYorkCitywhenshewastenyearsold.Onedayshedecidedthatshewantedtobecomeadoctor.Thatwasnearlyimpossibleforawomaninthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Afterwritingmanylettersaskingforadmission(录取)tomedicalschools,shewasfinallyacceptedbyadoctorinPhiladelphia.Shewassodeterminedthatshetaughtschoolandgavemusiclessonstogetmoneyforthecostofschooling.
In1849,aftergraduationfrommedicalschool.shedecidedtofurtherhereducationinParis.Shewantedtobeasurgeon(外科医师),butaseriouseyeproblemforcedhertogiveuptheidea.
UponreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefounditdifficulttostartherownpracticebecauseshewasawoman.By1857Elizabethandhersister,alsoadoctor,alongwithanotherwomandoctor,managedtoopenanewhospital,thefirstforwomenandchildrenBesidesbeingthefirstwomanphysicianandfoundingherownhospital,shealsosetupthefirstmedicalschoolforwomen.
句子成分练习题1
句子成分练习题(二)
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
dependontheweather.
2.People’sstandardsoflivingsteadily.
5.I’ http://www.oh100.com radesbecameveryworried.
sky.
24.Helikesdrawingat