我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的，任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场，没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了，正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额，看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室，本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的。
大学英语六级真题完成句子及答案
大学英语六级翻译真题
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Ithinkthatthemealiswell______________________(没有折扣的情况下值80美元).
83.______________________(面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争),theautomobilemanufacturerisconsideringlaunchingapromotioncampaign.
84.Asfarashobbiesareconcerned,Janeandhersister______________________(几乎没有什么共同之处).
85.Onlyaftermanyfailures______________________(我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的).
86.Butforthesurvivalinstinctwhichnearlyallcreatureshave,______________________(更多的物种就可能已经在地球上灭绝了).
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Youshouldn'thaverunacrosstheroadwithoutlooking.You______________________________(也许会被车撞倒的).
83.Bynomeans______________________________(他把自己当成专家)althoughheknowsalotaboutthefield.
84.Hedoesn'tappreciatethesacrificehisfriendshavemadeforhim,______________________________(把他们所做的视作理所当然).
85.Janettoldmethatshewouldratherhermother______________________________(不干涉她的婚姻).
86.Tokeepupwiththeexpandingfrontiersofscholarship,EdwardWilsonfoundhimself______________________________(经常上网查找信息).
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Eventhoughtheywerealreadylate,they____________________(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色)thanjustgoon.
83.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwoparties,as____________________(任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场).
84.Thepills____________________(本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的),buthedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadviceandtakethemregularly.
85.Itis____________________(你真好，给了我那么多帮助);Ireallyfeelobligedtoyou.
86.Thewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworld,anditwasthirtyyears____________________(他们才得以重聚).
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Thereisnodenyingthatyou__________________________________(越仔细越好)indealingwiththismatter.
83.OnlywhenIreachedmythirties_____________________________(我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).
84.Much_________________________________(使研究人员感到惊讶),the
outcomeoftheexperimentwasfarbetterthantheyhadexpected.
85.Oh,my,Ican’tfindmykey;______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了).
86.I____________________________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)thangotothebeachforaholiday.
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.__________________(他们的独生儿子从未想过)toleavethemandstrikeoutonhisownthoughheisinhislatetwenties.
83.Beforeyoutakeanyaction,pleaserememberto__________________(权衡你的决定会产生的后果).
84.Heassuredhisfriendthatundernocircumstances__________________(他会违背还钱的承诺).
85.Mosteducatorsadvisethatkids__________________(不要沉溺于电脑游戏).
86.Businessmajorasheis,hehas__________________(从未考虑过从事推销员工作).
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Howlongdoesajacketlikethislastme?-________________(这要看你多长时间穿一次).
83.Thetheoryheadvancedhasproved_________________(对许多传统概念的一种挑战).
84.Themanager_______________(本可以亲自参加会议),buthewascalledawayforsomeurgentbusinessabroad
85.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthata_____________(均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的).
86.Much_______________(我感到遗憾),Iwasunabletofinishtheworkontime.
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Withtheoilpriceseverrising,shetriedtotalk________________(说服他不买车).
83.__________(保持幽默感有助于)reducestressandpromotecreativethinkingintoday’scompetitivesociety.
84.Whenconfrontedwiththeevidence,________________(他不得不坦白自己的罪行).
85.Whenpeoplesay,“Icanfeelmyearsburning,”itmeanstheythink_____________________(一定有人在说他们的坏话).
86.Shehasdecidedtogoonadiet,butfinds____________________(很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,which______________________
（把美观与功能完美地结合起来）.
83.Idon’tthinkitadvisablethatparents__________（剥夺孩子们的自由）tospendtheirsparetimeastheywish.
84.Olderadultswhohaveahighlevelofdailyactivitieshavemoreenergyand__________（与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低）.
85.Yourresumeshouldattractawould-beboss’sattentionbydemonstrating__________（为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选）.
86.Itwasverydark,butMaryseemedto_______________________（本能地知道该走哪条路）.
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Wecansayalotofthingsaboutthose__________(毕生致力于诗歌的人):theyarepassionate,impulsive,andunique.
83.Marycouldn’thavereceivedmyletter,or__________(否则她上周就该回信了).
84.Nancyissupposedto__________(做完化学实验)atleasttwoweeksago.
85.Neveronce_____________________________________________(老两口互相争吵)sincetheyweremarried40yearsago.
86._____________________________________________________________(一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于)thequalityofeducationofitspeople.
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Butformobilephone,___________________(我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便).
83.Inhandlinganembarrassingsituation,_____________(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了).
84.TheForeignMinistersaidhewasresigning,______________(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因).
85.Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,_________________(而动物的行为主要依靠本能).
86.Thewitnesswastoldthatundernocircumstances_____________________(他都不应该对法庭说慌).
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Theautomanufacturersfoundthemselves________________________(正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额).
83.Onlyinthesmalltown________________________(他才感到安全和放松).
84.Itisabsolutelyunfairthatthesechildren________________________(被剥夺了受教育的权利).
85.Ouryearsofhardworkareallinvain,________________________(更别提我们花费的大量金钱了).
86.Theproblemsofblacksandwomen________________________(最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注).
【2006年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Ifyouhad_________________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦).
83.Aftertheterroristattack,tourists___________________（被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）.
84.Iprefertocommunicatewithmycustomers______________(通过写电子邮件而不是打电话).
85.______________(直到截止日他才寄出)hisapplicationform.
86.Withtearsonherface,thelady_________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室)
答案
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.worth80dollarsbeforediscount
【点评】worth:“值”，后跟动名词或名词;discount折扣。
http://www.oh100.com nfrontedwiththeintenserivalryfromthecompetitors
【点评】该句主语是theautomobilemanufacturer，横线处所填的是一个分句;beconfrontedwith：面临(任务、困难)=face，所以也可填(facingthefiercecompetition……)
84.almosthavenothingincommonwitheachother
【点评】havesomethingincommon有共同点。
85.didIrealizethatnobodywouldsucceedsolelybecauseoftheirgoodluck
【点评】only位于句首时用倒装。至于时态，可以用现在完成时，强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响“不能成功”，也可以用一般过去式
86.morespecieswouldhaveextinguishedfromtheEarth。
【点评】butfor，“要不是”;这里考查与过去相反的虚拟语气，后面用would+havedone。
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82：maybeknockeddownbycar
83:doeshetakehimselftobeanexpert。
84:andtakeitforgranted。
85:notinterferemarriage。
86．oftensearchinginformationontheinternet
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Eventhoughtheywerealreadylate,theywouldratherstopforthebeautifulview(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色)thanjustgoon.
83.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwoparties,aseithersiderefusestosoftentheirpositions(任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场)
84.Thepillscouldhavecuredthecancerpatient(本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的),buthedidn'tfollowthedoctor'sadviceandtakethemregularly.
85.Itisreallykindofyoutogivemesomuchhelp（你真好，给了我那么多帮助）；Ireallyfeelobligedtoyou.
86.Thewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworld,anditwasthirtyyearsbeforetheywereabletoreunite（他们才得以重聚）
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.cannotbetoocareful
83.didIrealizethatreadingcouldnotbeneglected
84.totheresearchers'surprise
85.Imusthaveleftitsomewhere
86.wouldratherjoinyoutodovolunteerwork
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.Theironlysonhasneverthought.
83.weighyourdecisionagainstitspossibleconsequences.
http://www.oh100.com
85.shouldnotbeaddictedtocomputergames./theyshouldnotindulgethemselvesincomputergames/theyshouldnotabandonthemselvestocomputergames
86.neverconsideredworkingasasalesman
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.Itdependsonhowoftenyouwearit
83.tobeachallengetomanytraditionalconcepts
http://www.oh100.com uldhaveattendedthemeetinginperson(byhimself)
85.balanceddietisessentialtohealth
86.regretfuldidIfeel
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
82.himoutofbuyingacar
83.Keepingasenseofhumorhelps
84.hehadnochoicebuttoconfessthecrimehehadcommitted
85.theremustbesomeonewhoisspeakingillofthem
86.ithardtoresistthetemptationoficecream
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.madeaperfectcombinationofbeautyandfunction
http://www.oh100.com privetheirchildrenoffreedom
84.alowerdeathratecomparedwiththosewhodon’t.
85.whyyouarethebeastcandidateforacertainposition
http://www.oh100.com
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
http://www.oh100.com
83.sheshouldhaverepliedtomelastweek
84.havefinishedherchemistryexperiments
85.hastheoldcouplequarreledwitheachother
86.Theprosperityofanationislargelydependentupon
【2016年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.ourcommunicationwouldnothxdyebeensoefficientandconvenient
http://www.oh100.com
84.but(he)refusedtomakefurtherexplanation/tofurtherexplainwhy
http://www.oh100.com (s)
http://www.oh100.com
【2016年6月大学英语六级真题】
http://www.oh100.com petingwithforeignfirmsformarketshare
83.doeshefeelsecureandrelaxed
84.aredeprivedoftherightstoreceiveeducation
http://www.oh100.com
http://www.oh100.com
【2006年12月大学英语六级真题】
82.followedmyadvice,youwouldnothavegotintotrouble
http://www.oh100.com
http://www.oh100.com
http://www.oh100.com
86.watchedherinjuredsonbeingsentintotheoperationroom
2016职称英语b类概括大意与完成句子
第一篇FordAbandonsElectricVehicles福特放弃电动汽车TheFordmotorcompany's1abandonmentofelectriccarseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnology,analystssay.GeneralMotors2andHonda3ceasedproductionofbattery-poweredcarsin1999，tofocusonfuelcell4andhybridelectricgasolineengines5，whicharemoreattractivetotheconsumer.Fordhasnowannounceditwilldothesame.Threeyearsago，thecompanyintroducedtheThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINK,orThinkNeighbor6.Ithopedtosell5,000carseachyearand10,000carts.Butalackofdemandmeansonlyabout1,000ofthecarshavebeenproduced,andlethan1，700cartshavebeensoldsofarin2002."Thebottomlineis7wedon'tbelievethatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemamarket,"TimHolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday."Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbestshot8.”TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout53milesanduptoasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors'EVIelectricvehiclealsohadalimitedrange,ofabout100miles.Theveryexpensivebatteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-poweredalternatives.AnelectricToyota9RAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42,000intheUS,comparedwithjust$17,000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissan10arenowtheonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles."Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Fordnowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogram11,andthatiswhatwewillbejudgingthemon,”RogerHigman，aseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsoftheEarth,toldtheEnvironmentNewsService.HybridcarsintroducedbyToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffergreatermileagethanpetrol-onlyengines,andthebatteriesrechargethemselves.Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelines12onvehicleemissions13intheUS.However,itisnotyetclearexactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJune,GeneralMotorsandDaimlerChrysler14wonacourtinjunction,delayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislationrequiringcar-makerstooffer100,000zero-emissionandotherlow-emissionvehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillberewrittentoallowformorelow-emission,ratherthanzero-emission,vehicles.第二篇WorldCrudeOilProductionMayPeak世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值DecadeEarlierThanSomePredictInafindingthatmayspeedeffortstoconserveoil，scientistsinKuwaitpredictthatworldconventionalcrudeoilproductionwillpeakin2016.Thispredictionisalmostadecadeearlierthansomeotherpredictions.TheirstudyisinACS'Energy&Fuels1.IbrahimNashawiandcolleaguespointoutthatrapidgrowthinglobaloilconsumptionhassparkedagrowinginterestinpredicting"peakoil".“Peakoil”isthepointwhereoilproductionreachesamaximumandthendeclines.Scientistshavedevelopedseveralmodelstoforecastthispoint,andsomeputthedateat2020orlater.OneofthemostfamousforecastmodelsiscalledtheHubbertmodel2.Itassumesthatglobaloilproductionwillfollowabellshapedcurve3.Arelatedconceptisthat4of"PeakOil.”Theterm“PeakOil”indicatesthemomentinwhichworldwideproductionwillpeak,afterwardstostartonirreversibledecline.TheHubbertmodelaccuratelypredictedthatoilproductionwouldpeakintheUnitedStatesin1970.Themodelhassincegainedinpopularityandhasbeenusedtoforecastoilproductionworldwide.However,recentstudiesshowthatthemodelisinsufficienttoaccountfor5morecomplexoilproductioncyclesofsomecountries.Thosecyclescanbeheavilyinfluencedbytechnologychanges,politics,andotherfactors, http://www.oh100.com ingthenewmodel，thescientistsevaluatedtheoilproductiontrendsof47majoroil-producingcountries5whichsupplymostoftheworld'sconventionalcrudeoil6.Theyestimatedthatworldwideconventionalcrudeoilproductionwillpeakin2016,yearsearlierthananticipated.Thescientistsalsoshowedthattheworld'soilreserves7arebeingreducedatarateof2.1percentayear.Thenewmodelcouldhelpinformenergy-relateddecisionsandpublicpolicydebate，theysuggest.第三篇CitizenScientists公民科学家Understandinghownaturerespondstoclimatechangewillrequiremonitoringkeylifecycle1events一flowering,theappearanceofleaves,thefirstfrogcallsofthespring—allaroundtheworld.Butecologistscan'tbeeverywheresothey'returningtonon-scientists,sometimescalledcitizenscientists,forhelp.Climatescientistsarenotpresenteverywhere.Becausetherearesomanyplacesintheworldandnotenoughscientiststoobserveallofthem,they'reaskingforyourhelpinobservingsignsofclimatechangeacrotheworld.Thecitizenscientistmovementencouragesordinarypeopletoobserveaveryspecificresearchinterest—birds,trees,flowersbudding,etc.—andsendtheirobservationstoagiantdatabasetobeobservedbyprofessionalscientists.Thishelpsasmallnumberofscientiststrackalargeamountofdatathattheywouldneverbeabletogatherontheirown.Muchlikecitizenjournalistshelpinglargepublicationscoverahyper-localbeat2，citizenscientistsarereadyfortheconditionswheretheylive.Allthat'sneededtobecomeoneisafewminuteseachdayoreachweektogatherdataandsendit3in.AgroupofscientistsandeducatorslaunchedanorganizationlastyearcalledtheNationalPhenology4Network."Phenology"iswhatscientistscallthestudyofthetimingofeventsinnature.Oneofthegroup'sfirsteffortsreliesonscientistsandnon-scientistsaliketocollectdataaboutplantfloweringandleafingeveryyear.Theprogram,calledProjectBudBurst,collectslifecycledataonavarietyofcommonplantsfromacrotheUnitedStates.Peopleparticipatingintheproject—whichisQpentoeveryone一recordtheirobservationsontheProjectBudBurstwebsite."Peopledon'thavetobeplantexperts-theyjusthavetolookaroundandseewhat'sintheirneighborhood,"saysJenniferSchwartz,aneducationconsultantwiththeproject."Aswecollectthisdata,we'llbeabletomakeanestimateofhowplantsandcommunities5ofplantsandanimalswillrespondastheclimatechanges.”第四篇MotoringTechnology汽车技术1.2millionroaddeathsworldwideoccureachyear,plusafurther50millioninjuries.Toreducecarcrashrate,muchresearchnowisfocusedonsafetyandnewfuels—thoughsomeelectricvehicleandbiofuel1researchaimsatgoingfaster.Travellingatspeedhasalwaysbeenrisky.Onecuttingedgearea2ofresearchinmotoringsafetyistheuseofdigitalin-carassistants3.Theycanensureyoudon'tmicrucialroadsignsorfallasleep.Theuseofartificialintelligencesoftwareallowstheseassistantstomonitoryourdrivingandmakessureyourphoneorradiodoesn'tdistractyouatavitalmoment.Mostcrashesresultfromhumanandnotmechanicalfaults.Somesafetydevelopmentsaimtoimproveyourvision.Radarcanspot4obstaclesinfog，whileothertechnology“seesthrough"high-sided5vehiclesblockingyourview6.
Andimprovementstoseatbelts,pedalcontrolsandtyresaremakingdrivingsmootherandsafer.Thecolourofacarhasbeenfoundtobelinkedwithsafety，ashave，lesurprisingly，sizeandshape7.Andalternativestofossil-fuel8basedpetrol，suchasplantoils，areahotareaofresearch.Fuelcells9basedonhydrogenburncleanly，andarethesubjectofaseriousresearcheffort.Butwhateverisinthefueltank,youdon'twantathiefinthedrivingseatandtherehavebeenmanyinnovations，someusingsatellitetrackingandremotecommunications10，tofightagainstcartheft.Thesecommunicationsystemscanalsocomeintoplay11ifyoucrash,automaticallycallingforhelp.Accidentscausemanytrafficjams，buttherearemoresubtleinterplaysbetweenvehiclesthatcancausejamsevenonaclearbutbusyroad.Suchjamscanbeanalysedusingstatisticaltools.Roboticdriverscouldbeprogrammedtomaketrafficflowsmoothlyandwillperhapsonedaybeeveryone'spersonalchauffeur,buttheirlatesteffortssuggestthatwon'tbesoon.第五篇Late-NightDrinking在深夜饮咖啡Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick“pick-me-up"cupofcoffee1lateinthedaywillplayhavocwith2yoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulant,caffeineinterruptstheflowofmelatonin,thebrainhormonethatsendspeopleintoasleep.Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.Levelsthenpeakbetween2amand4am,.beforefallingagain3."It'stheneurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleepandwhentowake，”saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpidemiologyResearchCenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsraelhavefoundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody'slevelsofthissleephormone.LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversityfoundthatsixvolunteerssleptlewellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffeethanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecaf.Onaverage，subjectsslept336minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffee，comparedwith415minutesafterdecaf.Theyalsotookhalfanhourtodropoff4一twiceaslongasusual一 http://www.oh100.com hesecondphaseoftheexperiment,theresearcherswokethevolunteerseverythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasuredconcentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthatmelatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecafdrinkers.InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicine,theresearcherssuggest6thatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction.Becauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebody，Ohayonrecommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecafafterlunch.六MakingLightofSleep不要太在意睡眠Allwehaveaclocklocatedinsideourbrains.Similartoyourbedsidealarmclock,yourinternalclockrunsona24-hourcycle.Thiscycle,calledacircadianrhythm,helpscontrolwhenyouwake,whenyoueatandwhenyousleep.Somewherearoundpuberty,somethinghappensinthetimingofthebiologicalclock.Theclockpushesforward,soadolescentsandteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.Whenyourmothertellsyouit'stimeforbed,yourbodymaybepushingyoutostayupforseveralhoursmore.AndthelightcomingfromyourcomputerscreenorTVcouldbepushingyoutostayupevenlater.Thisshiftisnaturalforteenagers.Butstayingupverylateandsleepinglatecangetyourbody'sclockoutofsyncwiththecycleoflightanddark.Itcanalsomakeithardtogetoutofbedinthemorningandmaybringotherproblems,too.Teenagersareputinakindofagraycloudwhentheydon'tgetenoughsleep,saysMaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityinProvidence,RI.Itaffectstheirmoodandtheirabilitytothinkandlearn.Butjustlikeyouralarmclock,yourinternalclockcanbereset.Infact,itautomaticallyresetsitselfeveryday.How?Byusingthelightitgetsthroughyoureyes.Scientistshaveknownforalongtimethatthelightofdayandthedarkofnightplayimportantrolesinsettingourinternalclocks.Foryears,researchersthoughtthatthesignalsthatsynchronizetheboButrecentdiscoveriesshowthatthehumaneyehastwoseparatelight-sensingsystems.Onesystemallowsustosee.Thesecondsystemtellsourbodywhetherit'sdayornight.七SugarPowerforCellPhones用糖为手机发电Usingenzymescommonlyfoundinlivingcells,anewtypeoffuelcellproducessmallamountsofelectricityfromsugar.Ifthetechnologyisabletosucceedinmaproduction,youmaysomedayshareyoursweetdrinkswithyourcellphone.Infuelcells,chemicalreactionsgenerateelectricalcurrents.Theproceusuallyreliesonpreciousmetals,suchasplatinum.Inlivingcells,enzymesperformasimilarjob,breakingdownsugarstoobtainelectronsandproduceenergy.Whenresearcherspreviouslyusedenzymesinfuelcells,theyhadtroublekeepingthemactive,saysShelleyD．MinteerofStLouisUniversity.Whereasbiologicalcellscontinuallyproducefreshenzymes,there'snomechanisminfuelcellstoreplaceenzymesastheyquicklydegrade.MinteerandTamaraKlotzbach,alsoofStLouisUniversity,havenowdevelopedpolymersthatwraparoundanenzymeandpreserveitinamicroscopicpocket."Wetailorthesepocketstoprovidetheidealmicroenvironment"fortheenzyme, http://www.oh100.com henewfuelcell,tinypolymerbagsofenzymeareembeddedinamembranethatcoatsoneoftheelectrodes.Whenglucosefromasugaryliquidgetsintoapocket,theenzymeoxidizesit,releasingelectronsandprotons.Theelectronscrothemembraneandenterawirethroughwhichtheytraveltotheotherelectrode,wheretheyreactwithoxygenintheatmospheretoproducewater.Theflowofelectronsthroughthewireconstitutesanelectricalcurrentthatcangeneratepower.Sofar,thenewfuelcellsdon'tproducemuchpower,butthefactthattheyworkatallisexciting,saysPaulKenis,achemicalengineerattheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign."Justgettingittowork,"Kenissays,"isamajoraccomplishment."Sugar-eatingfuelcellscouldbeanefficientwaytomakeelectricity.Sugariseasytofind.Andthenewfuelcellsthatrunonitarebiodegradable,sothetechnologywouldn'thurttheenvironment.Thescientistsarenowtryingtousedifferentenzymesthatwillgetmorepowerfromsugar.Theypredictthatpopularproductsmaybeusingthenewtechnologyinaslittleas3years.八EiffelIsanEyeful引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔Some300metersup,neartheEiffelTower'swind-whippedsummittheworldcomestoscribble.Japanese,Brazilians,Americans--theygraffititheirnames,lovesandpoliticsonthecoldiron--transformingthemostFrenchofmonumentsintosymbolofaworldonthemove.WithParislaidoutinminiaturebelow,itseemsstrangethatvisitorswouldratherwastetimemarkingtheirpresencethanadmiringtheview.Butthegraffitialsoraisesaquestion:Why,nearly114yearsafteritwascompleted,anddecadesafteritceasedtobetheworld'stalleststructure,islaTourEiffelstillsopopular?Thereasonsareascomplexastheironworkthatgracesastructuresome90storieshigh.Butpartoftheansweris,nodoubt,itsagelessness.Regularlymaintained,itshouldneverrustaway.Graffitiisregularlypaintedover,butthetowerliveson."EiffelrepresentsParisandParisisFrance.Itisverysymbolic."saysHuguesRichard,a31-year-oldFrenchmanwhoholdstherecordforcyclinguptothetower'ssecondfloor--747stepsin19minutesand4seconds,withouttouchingthefloorwithhisfeet."It'sironlady,it
inspiresus．"hesays.Buttowhat?Afterall,thetowerdoesn'thaveapurpose.Itceasedtobetheworld'stallestin1930whentheChryslerBuildingwentupinNewYork.Yes,televisionandradiosignalsarebeamedfromthetop,andGustaveEiffel,afreneticbuilderwhodiedonDecember27,aged91,useditsheightforconductingresearchintoweather,aerodynamicsandradiocommunication.Butinessencethetowerinspiressimplybybeingthere--ablankcanvasforvisitorstomakeofitwhattheywill.Tothetechnicallyminded,it'sanengineeringtriumph.Forlovers,it'sromantic."Thetowerwilloutlastallofus,andbyalongway,"saysIsabelleEsnous,whosecompanymanagesEiffelTower.十YoungFemaleChimpsOutlearnTheirBrothers年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的弟兄Youngfemalechimpsarefasterandbetterlearnersthanyoungmalechimps,suggestsanewstudy,echoinglearningdifferencesseeninhumangirlsandboys.Whileyoungmalechimpspatheirtinplaying,youngfemalechimpscarefullystudytheirmothers.Asaresult,theylearnhowtofishfortastytermitesnacksovertwoyearsbeforetheboys.ElizabethLonsdorf,nowatLincolnParkZooinChicago,US,andcolleaguesattheUniversityofMinnesota,SaintPaul,spentfouryearswatchinghowyoungchimpanzeesintheGombeNationalParkinTanzanialearned"culturalbehavior".Thesexdifferencesinlearningbehaviorwere"consistentandstrikinglyapparent",saystheteam.Theresearcherspointoutthatsimilardifferencesareseeninhumanchildrenwithregardtoskillssuchaswriting."Asex-basedlearningdifferencesmaythereforedatebackatleasttothelastcommonancestorofchimpanzeesandhumans,"theywriteinthejournalNature.Chimpsmakeflexibletoolsfromvegetationandtheninsertthemintotermitemounds,extractthemandthenmunchthetermitesclingingontothetook.TheresearchersusedVideocamerastorecordthisfeedingbehaviorandfoundthateachchimpmotherhadherowntechnique,suchashowsheusedtoolsofdifferentlengths.Analysisofthesixinfantswhoseageswereknownshowedthatgirlchimpswereanaverageof31monthsoldwhentheysucceededinfishingouttheirtermites,wheretheboychimpswereaged58monthsonaverage.Femaleswerealsomoreskillfulatgettingoutmoretermiteswitheverydip7andusedtechniquessimilartotheirmotherswhilemalesdidnot.Insteadofstudyingtheirmothers,theboychimpsspentasignificantlygreateramountofonefrolickingaroundthetermitemound.Behaviorssuchasplayingorswingingmighthelpthemaleinfantslaterinlifewhentypic.gzpinda.comeimportant,suggesttheresearchers.Lonsdorfaddsthattherearejusttwomainsourcesofanimalproteinforchimps--thetermitesorcolobusmonkeys."Maturemalesoftenhuntmonkeysuptrees,butfemalesarealmostalwayseitherpregnantorburdenedwithaclinginginfants．Thismakeshuntingdifficult."shesays,"Adultfemalesspendmoretimefishingfortermitesthanmales.”Sobecomingproficientattermitefishingcouldmeanadultfemaleseatbetter,"TheycanwatchtheiroffspringatthesameTime.Theyoungofbothsexesseemtopursueactivitiesrelatedtotheiradultsexrolesataveryyoungage.十一WhenOurEyesServeOurStomach我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口Oursensesaren'tjustdeliveringastrictviewofwhat'sgoingonintheworld;they'reaffectedbywhat'sgoingoninourheads.Anewstudyfindsthathungrypeopleseefood-relatedwordsmoreclearlythanpeoPsychologistshaveknownfordecadesthatwhat'sgoingoninsideourheadaffectsoursenses.Forexample,poorerchildrenthinkcoinsarclargerthantheyare,andhungrypeoplethinkpicturesoffoodarcbrighter.RemiRadelofUniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis,France,wantedtoinvestigatehowthishappens.Docsithappenfightawayasthebrainreceivessignalsfromtheeyesoralittlelaterasthebrain'shigh-levelthinkingprocessesgetinvolved.Radelrecruited42studentswithanormalbodymaindex.Onthedayofhisorhertest,eachstudentwastoldtoarriveatthelabatnoonafterthreeorfourhoursofnoteating.Thentheyweretoldtherewasadelay.Someweretoldtocomebackin10minutes;othersweregivenanhourtogetlunchfirst.SohalfthestudentswerehungrywhentheydidtheexperimentandtheotherhalfhadjusteatenFortheexperiment,theparticipantlookedatacomputerscreen.Onebyone,80wordsflashedonthescreenforabout1/300thofasecondeach.Theyflashedatsosmallasizethatthestudentscouldonlyconsciouslyperceive.Aquarterofthewordswerefood-related.Aftereachword,eachpersonwasaskedhowbrightthewordwasandaskedtochoosewhichoftwowordsthey'dseenafood-relatedwordlikecakeoraneutralwordlikeboat.Eachwordappearedtoobrieflyfortheparticipanttoreallyreadit.Hungrypeoplesawthefood-relatedwordsasbrighterandwerebetteratidentifyingfood-relatedwords.Becausethewordappearedtooquicklyforthemtobereliablyseen,thismeansthatthedifferenceisinperception,notinthinkingprocesses,Radelsays.Thisissomethinggreattome.Humanscanreallyperceivewhattheyneedorwhattheystrivefor.Fromtheexperiment,Iknowthatourbraincanreallybeatthedisposalof6ourmotivesandneeds,"Radelsays.十二FloridaHitbyColdAirMa佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击InJanuary,2003,theeasterntwo-thirdsoftheUnitedStateswasatthemercyofabitterlycoldairmathathasendangeredFlorida'scitrustrees,chokednorthernharborswithiceandleftbewilderedresidentsofNorthCarolina'sOuterBanksdiggingoutofuptoafootofsnow.TheicechilldeepenedastemperaturesfelltothesingledigitsinmostoftheSouth,withanunfamiliardipbelowthefreezingmarkasfarsouthaspartsofinteriorSouthFlorida.TemperaturesinFloridaplunged,withWestPalmBeachdroppingtoarecordlowof2degrees."Wecouldn'tbelievehowcolditwas,"saidMartinKing,whoarrivedthisweekinOrlandofromEngland."Webroughtshorts,T-shirt,andIhadtogooutandbuyanothercoat."ThetemperatureplungeposedathreattoFlorida'sUS$9．1billion-a-yearcitruscrop,moreofwhichisstillonthetrees.Growerswerehurryingtoharvestasmuchofthefruitaspossiblebeforeitwasdamagedbycold."Timeisoftheessenceingettingfruittotheplant,"saidTomRogers,acitrusgrowerwhoexpectedtoseedamagetoorangesandgrapefruitatthattime.InFlorida,GovernorJebBushsignedanemergencyordertoeliminatetheweightlimitontruckssocitrusgrowerscouldgetasmuchfruittomarketaspossible.CaseyPace,aspokeswomanforFloridaCitrusMutual,saidgrowershadsprayedtreeswithsprinklers,whichcreatedalayeroficeandhelpedmaintainatemperaturenearfreezing.Citrustreesareconsideredindangerofdamageifthetemperaturedropsbelowminus2degreesCelsiusforfourhoursormore.Snowrangingfromadustingtoupto30centimetersblanketedtheCarolinas,TennesseeandpartsofVirginia.十三InvisibilityRing隐形环Scientistscan'tyetmakeaninvisibilitycloakliketheonethatHarryPotteruses.But,forthefirsttime,they'veconstructedasimplecloakingdevicethatmakesitselfandsomethingplacedinsideitinvisibletomicrowaves.Whenaperson"sees"anobject,hisorhereyesensesmanydifferentwavesofvisiblelightastheybounceofftheobject.Theeyeandbrainthenworktogethertoorganizethesesensationsandreconstructtheobject'soriginalshape.So,tomakeanobjectinvisible,scientistshavetokeepwavesfrombouncingoffit.Andtheyhavetomakesuretheobjectcastsnoshadow.Otherwise,theabsenceofInvisibilityisn'tpossibleyetwithwavesoflightthatthehumaneyecansee.Butitisnowpossiblewithmicrowaves.Likevisiblelight,microwavesareaformofradiantenergy.Theyarepartoftheelectromagneticspectrum,whichalsoincludesradiowaves,infraredlight,ultravioletrays,Xrays,andgammarays.Thewavelengthsofmicrowaves
areshorterthanthoseofradiowavesbutlongerthanthoseofvisiblelight.Thescientists'new"invisibilitydevice"isthesizeofadrinkcoasterandshapedlikearing.Theringismadeofaspecialmaterialwithunusualability.Whenmicrowavesstrikethering,veryfewbounceoffit.Instead,theypathroughthering,whichbendsthewavesallthewayarounduntiltheyreachtheoppositeside.Thewavesthenreturntotheiroriginalpaths.Toadetectorsetuptoreceivemicrowavesontheothersideofthering,itlooksasifthewavesneverchangedtheirpaths--asiftherewerenoobjectintheway!So,theringiseffectivelyinvisible.Whentheresearchersputasmallcopperloopinsidethering,it,too,isnearlyinvisible.However,thecloakingdeviceandanythinginsideitdocastapaleshadow.Andthedeviceworksonlyformicrowaves,notforvisiblelightoranykindofelectromagneticradiation.So,HarryPotter'sinvisibilitycloakdoesn'thaveanyrealcompetitionyet.十四JapaneseCarKeepsWatchforDrunkDrivers日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车AconceptcardevelopedbyJapanesecompanyNissanhasabreathalyzer-likedetectionsystemandotherinstrumentsthatcouldhelpkeepdrunkorover-tireddriversofftheroad.Thecar'ssensorscheckodorsinsidethecarandmonitoradriver'ssweatfortracesofalcohol.Anin-carcomputersystemcanissueanalertorevenlockuptheignitionsystemifthedriverseemsover-the-limit.Theairodorsensorsarefixedfirmlyanddeeplyinthedriverandpassengerseats,whileadetectorinthegear-shiftknobmeasuresperspirationfromthedriver'spalm.Othercarmakershavedevelopedsimilardetectionsystems.Forexample,Sweden'sVolvohasdevelopedabreathalyzerattachedtoacar'sseatbeltthatdriversmustblowintobeforetheenginewillstart.Nissan'snewconceptvehiclealsoincludesadashboard-mountedcamerathattracksadriversalertnebymonitoringtheireyes.ItwillsoundanalarmandissueaspokenwarninginJapaneseorEnglishifitjudgesthatthedriverneedstopulloverandrest.Thecartechnologyisstillindevelopment,butgeneralmanagerKazuhiroDoisaysthecombinationofdifferentdetectionsystemsshouldimprovetheoveralleffectiveneofthetechnology."Forexample,ifthegear-shiftsensorwasbypassedbyapassengerusingitinsteadofthedriver,thefacialrecognitionsystemwouldstillbeused,"Doisays.Nissanhasnospecifictimetableformarketingthesystem,butaimstousetechnologytocutthenumberoffatalitiesinvolvingitsvehiclestohalf1995levelsby2016.Thecar'sseatbeltcanalsotightenifdrowsineisdetected,whileanexternalcamerachecksthatthecariskeepingtoitslaneproperly.However,Doiadmitsthatsomeofthetechnology,suchasthealcoholodorsensor,shouldbeimproved."Ifyoudrinkonebeer,it'sgoingtoregister,soweneedtostudywhat'stheappropriatelevelforthesystemtoactivate," http://www.oh100.com heUK,someresearchgroupsareusingsimilaradvancedtechniquestounderstanddriverbehaviorandtheeffectiveneofdifferentroaddesigns.十五WingedRobotLearnstoFly肋生双翅机器人学飞行Learninghowtoflytooknaturemillionsofyearsoftrialanderror--butawingedrobothascrackeditinonlyafewhours,usingthesameevolutionaryprinciples.KristerWolffandPeterNordinofChalmersUniversityofTechnology(CUT)inGothenburg,Sweden,builtawingedrobotandsetabouttestingwhetheritcouldlearntoflybyitself,withoutanypre-programmeddataonwhatflappingisorhowtodoit.Tobeginwith,therobotjusttwitchedandjerkederratically.But,gradually,itmademovementsthatgainedheight.Atfirst,itcheated--simplystandingonitswingtipswasoneearlyshortcut.Afterthreehours,however,therobotabandonedsuchmethodsinfavorofamoreeffectiveflappingtechnique,whereitrotateditswingsthrough90degreesandraisedthembeforetwistingthembacktothehorizontalandpushingdown."Thistellsusthatthiskindofevolutioniscapableofcorningupwithflyingmotion,"saysPeterBentley,whoworksonevolutionaryComputingatUniversityCollegeLondon.Butwhiletherobothadworkedouthowbesttoproducelift,itwasnotabouttotakeoff."There'sonlysomuchthatevolutioncando,"Bentleysays."Thisthingisnevergoingtoflybecausethemotorswillneverhavethestrengthtodoit,"hesays.Therobothadmetre-longwingsmadefrombalsawoodandcoveredwithalightplasticfilm.Smallmotorsontherobotletitmoveitswingsforwardsorbackwards,upordownortwistthemineitherdirection.Theteamattachedtherobottotwoverticalrods,soitcouldslideupanddown.Atthestartofatest,therobotwassuspendedbyanelasticband.Amovementdetectormeasuredhowmuchlift,ifany,therobotproducedforanygivenmovement.Acomputerprogramfedtherobotrandominstructions,attherateof20persecond,totestitsflappingabilities.Eachinstructiontoldtheroboteithertodonothingortomovethewingsslightlyinthevariousdirections.Feedbackfromthemovementdetectorlettheprogramworkoutwhichsetsofinstructionswerebestatproducinglift.ThemostSuccessfuloneswerepairedupand"offspring"setsofinstructionsweregeneratedbyswappinginstructionsrandomlybetweensuccessfulpairs.Thesenext-generationinstructionswerethensenttotherobotandevaluatedbeforebreedinganewgeneration,andtheprocewasrepeated.十六JapaneseDrillingintoCoreofEarth日本人的地心旅行InwhatresemblesajourneytothecenteroftheEarth,Japanesescientistshavelaunchedtheworld'sfirstattempttoboreaholeintothered-hotcoreofavolcanoandunlockthesecretsofdeadlyeruption.A50-meter-highoil-rig-likederrickperchedonthescrubbyslopesofJapan'sMountUnzenwillbegindrillingthroughthevolcano'scrustnextweekinabidtosamplethemagmabubblingbelow.Theaimistostudyhowtheliquefiedrockcausesmenacinggasbuildup,saidteamleaderSetsuyaNakata,oftheUniversityofTokyo'sEarthquakeResearchInstitute.Gassingisimportantbecauseitcontrolstheexplosivityoferuptions,"Nakatasaid,"Theresultscanbeexpandedtoanti-disasterresearch."MountUnzen,awind-swept1,486-meterdomeonthesouthernislandofKyushu,isaperfectmodel.Iteruptedin1991,showeringavalanchesofhotrocksoveranearbytown,killing43peopleandleavingnearly2,300homeless.Another11,000peoplewereevacuatedfromtheareauntil1995,whenthevolcanohadstabilized.TheresultsareparticularlyimportanttoanationlikeJapan,wherethemeteorologicalagencymonitors20dangerouspeaks.PerhapsJapan'smostfamousvolcanoissnowcappedMountFuji,whichlasteruptedin1707andsprinkledTokyowithash.ThedrillingonMountUnzenwillbeginverysoonfromanaltitudeof850metersonitsnorthwestslope.ScientistshopetotapamagmaventaroundsealevelbyAugustandextracta200-meter-longcoresamplebysummer2004.Boringintotheglowingmagmaatthatlevelwouldnormallybeimpossible,becauseofitsfiery700degreeCelsiusheat.Thus,aslurryofwaterwillbepumpedintothedrillshafttoCoolthemagmaandallowthedriNakatasaidthereisnodangeroftriggeringanothereruption.
2016年职称英语概括大意和完成句子(1)MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing
第一篇MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing
1Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleeparewidelyknown,newresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalsosuffertheconsequences.
2InvestigatorsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup19or10hourseachweeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleep,aswellasanumberofothersleepproblems,thanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.Peoplewhosleptonly7hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleepandfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.2
3Thesefindings,whichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine3,demonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’srestmaynotneedtosetaside4morethan8hoursanight.Headdedthat“itmightbeagoodidea”forpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnighttoconsiderreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbed,butcautionedthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthis.
4Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep—forinstance,onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplethan7hourseachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleepmore.
5Forthecurrentreport,Kripkereviewedtheresponsesof1,004adultstosleepquestionnaires,inwhichparticipantsindicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedanysleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight,arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleep,andhavingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning5.
6Kripkefoundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inaninterview,Kripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnightsimplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidence,headdedthatonewaytohelpinsomniaistospendletimeinbed.“Itstandstoreasons6thatifapersonspendstoolongatimeinbed,thenthey’llspendahigherpercentageoftimeawake,”hesaid.
词汇:refresh/ri5freF/v.使精力恢复fatigue/fE5ti:^/n.疲劳questionnaire/7kwestiE5nZE/n.问卷caution/5kC:FEn/v.警告psychosomatic/7saikEusEu5mAtik/adj.（指疾病）由insomnia/in5sCmniE/n.失眠精神压力引起的habitually/hE5bItjJElI/adv.习惯地注释：
1.clockup:时间达到
2.theyhadmoretroublefallingasleepandfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers:falling和feeling都是说明trouble的。全句可译为：与8小时睡眠者相比，他们在入睡和经过一夜睡眠恢复精力方面有更多的麻烦。
3.PsychosomaticMedicine：《心身医学》(医学杂志名)
4.setaside：留出
5.havingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning：感到疲乏影响日常工作。
6.standtoreason：是当然的，是合情合理的
练习:
1.Paragraph2AKripke’sResearchTool
2.Paragraph4BCDangersofHabitualShortagesofSleepCriticismonKripke’sReport
3.Paragraph5DAWayofOvercomingInsomnia
4.Paragraph6EFSleepProblemsofLongandShortSleepersClassificationofSleepProblems
5.Togetagoodnight’srest,peoplemaynotneedto.
6.Longsleepersarereportedtobemorelikelyto.
7.Oneofthesleepproblemsiswakinginthemiddleofthenight,unableto.
8.Onesurveyshowedthatpeoplewhohabituallyeachnighthaveahigherriskofdying.
Afallasleepagain
Bbecomemoreenergeticthefollowingday
Csleeplethan7hours
Dconfirmthoseseriousconsequences
Esuffersleepproblems
Fsleepmorethan8hours
答案与题解:
1.E第二段列举了睡眠时间多于或少于8小时而带来的多种sleepproblems。
2.B第四段阐述了长期睡眠不足所带来的严重后果，
3.A第五段介绍了Kripke的调查工具(tool)。他用的是有关睡眠的问卷。问卷包括两大内容：睡眠时间及睡眠困扰问题。
4.D第六段的昀后两句是：“…onewaytohelpinsomniaistospendletimeinbed.”和“Itstandstoreasonthatifapersonspendstoolongatimeinbed,thenthey’llspendahigherpercentageoftimeawake.”这是选择D的依据。
5.F选择F的依据是第三段的第一句。原文是：“…peoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’srestmaynotneedtosetasidemorethan8hoursanight.”
6.E选择E的依据是第六段的第一句，原文是:“…peoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.”
7.A本题答案的依据是第五段第二句：“Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight，arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleep…”
8.C本题答案的依据是第四段：“…onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplethan7hourseachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleepmore.”
第一篇每晚只需8个小时，睡眠过多非益事
睡眠不足带来的危害已经广为人知，而一项新的研究表明睡眠过多同样会产生不良后果。
圣地亚哥加利福尼亚大学的研究人员发现在入睡、保持睡眠等方面，每晚睡9或10小时的人比睡8小时的人存在更多问题。与8小时睡眠者相比，每晚仅睡7个小时的人则表示，他们在入睡及经过一夜睡眠后精力恢复方面有更多的麻烦。
DanielKripke愽士在《心身医学》杂志上报告的这些新发现表明，人们如果想晚上休息好，每天留给睡眠的时间只需8个小时。他补充说，对于那些每晚睡8个小时以上的人们来说，考虑减少在床上度过的时间“也许是个好主意”。不过他又提醒说这还需要进一步的研究证实。以往的研究证明了长期睡眠缺乏的潜在危机。有报告显示，睡眠经常少于7小时的人比睡眠充足者，在特定时期内死亡的机率更高。
而在目前这份报告中，Kripke考评了一份1004名成年人参与反馈的睡眠调查问卷。问卷内容涉及每周睡眠时间和各种可能的睡眠问题，包括半夜惊醒、清晨早醒、无法重新入睡，以及白天疲劳影响日常工作等。Kripke发现每晚睡9～10小时的人比睡8个小时的人更容易出现各类睡眠问题。在一次访谈中，Kripke注意到睡眠时间长的人夜间可能难以入眠，正是因为他们睡得太多了。因此他补充说，治疗失眠昀好的一种方法就是少睡点儿。“在床上花的时间过长，醒着的时间就会更多，这是理所当然的。”