深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节,深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节,常用状语从句有以下几种类型,中考英语语法大汇总句子的类型,和指人在从句中作主语不能省略,指物在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。
中考英语语法汇总——句子的类型
深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节
【中考英语语法汇总】句子的类型(一)句子类型概述
句子的类型一共有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。
宾语从句考点:(1)一连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)宾语从句的语序问题;(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。
状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while/as/when引导时间状语从句;because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句;if/unless引导条件状语从句;so...that/such...that引导结果状语从句等。
(二)基础知识梳理
1.简单句
只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如:
NeitherBrucenorSusancanspeakFrench.
Motherboughtanewschoolbagformeatthebeginningofthisterm.
2.并列句
由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。常见的并列连词有and,but,or,so,for等。如:
Gostraightonandyouwillfindatoilet.
Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIcan't.
Hurryoryouwillbelate.
Shepracticeseveryday,sosheplaysthepianoverywell.
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.
3.复合句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句是句子的主体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立使用。下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。
1)宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词有以下几种形式:
(1)由that引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,没有实际意义,可以省略。如:
Weknow(that)therearetwokindsofsports.
Hedecided(that)hewasnotgoingtosayanythingaboutit
(2)由whether或if(是否)引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,但不能省略。如:
细节决定未来1
深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节
Nooneknowswhether/iftheyhavedecidedonthedateofthemeeting.
(3)由连接代词who,whom,what,which,whose和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导的宾语从句,这些连接词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还可在句中充当某个成分,不能省略。如:
CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestsubwaystation?
Shetoldmewhatshehadseeninthemuseum.
(4)由it作形式宾语的从句。如:
Ithinkitnecessarythateverybodyshouldtryhisbesttohelpfightpollution.
(5)由形容词sorry,afraid,sure,glad等引出的宾语从句。如:
WeweresurprisedthatPeterwasthefirsttocome.
Iamsurethatyouwillbeasucceinthefuture.
2)状语从句
在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。常用状语从句有以下几种类型:
(1)由when,while,as,since,until,assoonas等连词引导的时间状语从句。如:It'smorethantenyearssincetheycametoShanghai.
PleasesendmeanE-mailassoonasyouarriveinSwitzerland.
(2)由if,unless等词引导的条件状语从句。如:
Weshallgoforapicnicifitdoesn'traintomorrow.
Iwon'tbuythedreunleitfitsmewell.
(3)由because,since,as,nowthat等词引导的原因状语从句。如:
Heaskedforleavebecausehehadtoseethedentist.
Nowthateveryoneishere,shallwebeginourdiscussion?
(4)由though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:
Althoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.
(5)由sothat,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句。如:
HeranasfastashecouldsothatthepeopleinAthenscouldlearnthenewsearlier.
(6)由so...that,such...that等词引导的结果状语从句。如:
Heransoquicklythatwecouldn'tkeepupwithhim.
Thebusbrokedown,sowehadtowalktothecinema.
Englishissuchausefullanguagethatitisspokeninmanycountries.
(7)比较状语从句。常用的句型有as...as与morethan结构。
3)定语从句
在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句一般直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为“先行词”。定语从句一般由关系代词who,whom,that,which引导,它位于先行词与定语从句之间,本身又在定语从句中充当某个成分。
细节决定未来
2
深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节
如:
先行词关系代词作主语
先行词关系代词作宾语
(1)who和whom指人,who在从句中作主语,不能省略。而whom在从句中作宾语,一般可以省略。如:
Thewomanwhowillgiveusatalktomorrowisafamousprofessor.
Doyouknowthegirl(whom)wemetoutsidetheschoolgate?
(2)which指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:Thestorywhichtellsaboutthreemonkeysisveryinteresting.
Themagazine(which)Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.
(3)that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:Thepicturesthathangonthebackwallwereallpaintedbyher.
Therestaurants(that)theyhavesetuparewelcomedbychildren.
(4)如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词all,everything,nothing等以及only修饰时,关系代词必须用that。如:
Allthatweneedisfreshwater.
I'llneverforgetthefirstjobthatIfound.
JudyisthemosthonestgirlthatIhaveeverseen.
细节决定未来
3
【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型复合句
【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型
(一)句子类型概述
句子的类型一共有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。
宾语从句考点:(1)一连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)宾语从句的语序问题;(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。
状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while/as/when引导时间状语从句;because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句;if/unless引导条件状语从句;so...that/such...that引导结果状语从句等。
(二)基础知识梳理
1.简单句
只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如:
NeitherBrucenorSusancanspeakFrench.
Motherboughtanewschoolbagformeatthebeginningofthisterm.
2.并列句
由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。常见的并列连词有and,but,or,so,for等。如:
Gostraightonandyouwillfindatoilet.
Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIcan't.
Hurryoryouwillbelate.
Shepracticeseveryday,sosheplaysthepianoverywell.
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.
3.复合句
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句是句子的主体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立使用。下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。
1)宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词有以下几种形式:
(1)由that引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,没有实际意义,可以省略。如:
Weknow(that)therearetwokindsofsports.
Hedecided(that)hewasnotgoingtosayanythingaboutit
(2)由whether或if(是否)引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,但不能省略。如:
Nooneknowswhether/iftheyhavedecidedonthedateofthemeeting.
(3)由连接代词who,whom,what,which,whose和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导的宾语从句,这些连接词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还可在句中充当某个成分,不能省略。如:
CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestsubwaystation?
Shetoldmewhatshehadseeninthemuseum.
(4)由it作形式宾语的从句。如:
Ithinkitnecessarythateverybodyshouldtryhisbesttohelpfightpollution.
(5)由形容词sorry,afraid,sure,glad等引出的宾语从句。如:
WeweresurprisedthatPeterwasthefirsttocome.
Iamsurethatyouwillbeasucceinthefuture.
2)状语从句
在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。常用状语从句有以下几种类型:
(1)由when,while,as,since,until,assoonas等连词引导的时间状语从句。如:
It'smorethantenyearssincetheycametoShanghai.
PleasesendmeanE-mailassoonasyouarriveinSwitzerland.
(2)由if,unless等词引导的条件状语从句。如:
Weshallgoforapicnicifitdoesn'traintomorrow.
Iwon'tbuythedreunleitfitsmewell.
(3)由because,since,as,nowthat等词引导的原因状语从句。如:
Heaskedforleavebecausehehadtoseethedentist.
Nowthateveryoneishere,shallwebeginourdiscussion?
(4)由though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:
Althoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.
(5)由sothat,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句。如:
HeranasfastashecouldsothatthepeopleinAthenscouldlearnthenewsearlier.
(6)由so...that,such...that等词引导的结果状语从句。如:
Heransoquicklythatwecouldn'tkeepupwithhim.
Thebusbrokedown,sowehadtowalktothecinema.
Englishissuchausefullanguagethatitisspokeninmanycountries.
(7)比较状语从句。常用的句型有as...as与morethan结构。(参见形容词、副词一章)
3)定语从句
在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句一般直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为“先行词”。定语从句一般由关系代词who,whom,that,which引导,它位于先行词与定语从句之间,本身又在定语从句中充当某个成分。如:
Theboywho/thatisreadingunderthetreeismyelderbrother.
先行词关系代词作主语
Thepresentwhich/thatyougavemeformybirthdayisverynice.
先行词关系代词作宾语
(1)who和whom指人,who在从句中作主语,不能省略。而whom在从句中作宾语,一般可以省略。如:
Thewomanwhowillgiveusatalktomorrowisafamousprofessor.
Doyouknowthegirl(whom)wemetoutsidetheschoolgate?
(2)which指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:
Thestorywhichtellsaboutthreemonkeysisveryinteresting.
Themagazine(which)Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.
(3)that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:
Thepicturesthathangonthebackwallwereallpaintedbyher.
Therestaurants(that)theyhavesetuparewelcomedbychildren.
(4)如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词all,everything,nothing等以及only修饰时,关系代词必须用that。如:
Allthatweneedisfreshwater.
I'llneverforgetthefirstjobthatIfound.
JudyisthemosthonestgirlthatIhaveeverseen.
中考英语语法讲解资料及练第13讲:句子的种类(二)
第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习
第13讲:句子的种类(二)
本讲主要讲一下感叹句,祈使句,再顺便提一下强调句.
感叹句注意事项:
感叹句往往由what和how引导。至于what和how的区别则是再好辨别不过了。跟我背一背下面的顺口溜,感叹句你就不再陌生了.
感叹句用法很简单,How和What放句前,How与形、副词类连,What后面名词添.主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见.当然,what感叹句和how感叹句有时可以互相转换。当What修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用how引导感叹句,但不定冠词a或an需放在形容词之后。如:Whatalargefactory=Howlargeafactoryitis!
祈使句:祈使句所需注意的是:含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用don't.含有第一、第三人称的祈使句的否定句用Let+not+动词原形或Don'tlet+第三人称代词的宾格或名词。下面稍微提一下常考的强调句:我们学过的强调句是it引导的句子。记住:强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用"who",其余用"that".句式是:Itis(was)被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。判断一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉Itbe…that是否还是一个完整的句子。
看下面例题:
Itistwentyyears___MiFengreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as答案C.本题易误选为A(that).其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉Itbe…that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉"Itis...that",只剩下tenyearsMiFengreturnedtoChina.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。
句子的种类你掌握的如何?何不试试趁热打铁?
练习:
1.Itwasyesterday_______XiaoMingfinishedallhishomework.
A.that
B.when
C.where
D.at
2.YouarenotinGradeTwo,________you?
A.aren't
B.are
C.do
D.don't
3.Shehasneverreadthebookbefore,_______?
A.hasshe
B.hasn'tshe
C.isshe
D.isn'tshe
第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com
第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com
4.--Iwanttoshoppingthisafternoon.Whataboutyou?___________.A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.SoIdoD.SodoI5.It'stimeforsuppernow.Let's______it.A.stoptohaveitB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppingtohave6._______lovelyshesmiles!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata7.Thankyoufor_____mewithmyEnglish.A.helpB.helpedC.helpingD.helps8.--Wouldyouplease_______theshoesonthefloor?--I'msorry.Iwon'tdoitagain.A.notthrowB.don'tthrowC.nottothrowD.didn'tthrow9.LilyhasnotvisitedmanyplacesofgreatinterestsinChina.________.A.SohashertwinsisterB.NeitherishertwinsisterC.SohertwinsisterD.Neitherhashertwinsister10.Don't_______booksagain!Youmustbecareful_______nowon.A.lost,fromB.lose,fromC.lost,sinceD.lose,since第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com
实践:
1.WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawthelittleboy_______inthecorner.
A.tostand
B.stands
C.stood
D.standing
2.Itisagreatshameforme_______infrontofsomanypeople.
A.tolaughat
B.tolaughingat
C.tobelaughedat
D.tohavelaughedat
3.Hedarestoclimbthattalltree,________he?
A.doesn't
B.daren't
C.hasn't
D.isn't
4.Please______anythingyoucanrememberabouttheaccident.
A.fillin
B.drawout
C.writein
D.putdown
5.-Willthecloudsliftintheafternoon?--_______.
A.Ihopeso
B.Ihopeit
C.Ihopethat
D.Ihopesuch
6.Wehadtostayathome______theheavyrain.
A.as
B.since
C.becauseof
D.because
7.Theywillvisitourschool______nextweek.
A.sometimes
B.sometime
C.sometimes
D.sometimes
8.Althoughhetriedhard,hewas______maths.
A.goodat
B.doingwellin
C.weakin
http://www.oh100.com erestedin
9.Thestars______inthedaytime.
A.can'tsee
B.can'tbeseen
C.canbeseen
D.see
10.Thiskindofcars_______inShanghai.
A.ismade
B.aremade
C.aremaking
D.ismaking
11.MrBlack'sjustcomebackfromtheEngland,_______he?
A.isn't
B.doesn't
C.hasn't
D.is
12._______tenyearssinceIleftmyhometown.
A.They
B.Itis
C.Therehavebeen
D.Itwas
13.Isthis________lookingfor?
A.youwere
B.thatyouwere
C.whatwereyou
D.whatyouwere
14.TheBlacks_______gototheseasidetohavetheirholidays,butnowtheynolongergothere.
A.wereusedto
http://www.oh100.com edto
http://www.oh100.com ually
D.seldom
15.Don'thurry.Onlyonepersoncanentertheroom________. http://www.oh100.com imeD.ontime