第三部分概括大意和完成句子，没有温室气体我们所知道的生命就不能生存，选的依据在第一段的第二句和昀后一句，其他主要的甲烷来源有石油钻井采煤固体垃圾以及沼泽地，牛吃的大部分是草但却长得身高体壮。
概括大意和完成句子
第三部分概括大意和完成句子
第一篇USSignsGlobalTobaccoTreaty
http://www.oh100.com untriesthatratifytheFCTCwillhaveto,amongotherthings,.
7.ItishopedthattheFCTCwillgreatlyhelptoreducedeaths8.MuchmorecountrieshavesignedtheFCTCthanthosethat.
A.haveratifieditB.approvingitC.implementitsprovisionsD.restrictsmokinginpublicplacesE.causedbytobaccouseF.includinghighertobaccotaxes
第二篇NappingtoaHealthierHeart?
1..2..
5.Accordingtosomeresearchers,bymeasuringthelevelsofNT-proBNPinthebloodpeoplemayknow
6.IfapersonhasahighlevelofNT-proBNP
7.Peoplewhotakeregularafternoonnaps.
8.SofartherehavenotbeendefinitedatatoconfirmAwherefewerpeoplediefromheartproblem.
Bwhethertheyhavetheriskofheartattack,heartfailureorstroke.
Cwouldprobablyhavelowerratesofheartdisease.
DhowtotestapersonsNT-proBNPlevelinthebloodbyhimself.
Ehisheartmusclewouldbeunderpressureinsomeway.
Fthatnappingisofgreatbenefittowomentoo.
第三篇ManyBenefitsfromCancerOrganization
1.2.34
5.TheAmericanCancerSociety’sresearchprogramhasbenefited6.Thesurvivalperiodfor60%ofcancerpatientstodayis
7.Manyoutstandingapplicationsareturneddowneachyearfor8.MorecancerbreakthroughscanbemadewithA.lackoffundingB.manycancerpatientsC.morelivesbeingsavedD.morethanfiveyearsE.theultimateanswersF.morefunding
第四篇ThePaperChase
http://www.oh100.com alingWithBills5.StephanieDentonisexpert
6.Youcanputyourfilecartanywhereyoulike, http://www.oh100.com uponsshouldbethrownawaybecause8.“Mentallyflexible”indicatesthefactA.theyareuselessB.inpaperchaseC.thatitiseasilyreachedD.thatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentrequirementsE.theyarenotcomfortableF.ininvestingincoupons
第五篇ChinaSeeksDonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap
1.3.
5.Itseemsthatmanyoftherecipientsarenotrichenough
6.AtpresentthenumberofbonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais
7.Somesolventsandbuildingmaterialsareconsidered
8.Obviously,recruitingvoluntarybonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais_.
A.aboutonepercentofthetotalpopulationB.toberesponsibleforchildhoodleuckaemiaC.anurgentandtoughtaketobeaccomplishedD.lethanonethirdoftheminimumE.anexpensivecosttobepaidF.toaffordthecostofbonemarrowtransplantation
*第六篇PregnantWomenWarnedAboutACEInhibitor
1.2.
5.FDAsuggeststhatpregnantwomenwithhighbloodpressureshouldconsult.
6.ACEinhibitorsarenotrecommended7.Evidenceshowedonlyasmallpercentageofbabiessufferedmajordisorders8.ACEisariskfactortoourbodyAthatmaycauseourbloodvesselstobecomemoreandmorenarrow
Bforpregnantwomentotakeduringtheirlastsixmonthsofpregnancies
Cthattheirlikelihoodtosuffermajorproblemsistwotimeshigherthanotherbabies
Dwiththeirdoctorsabouthowtotreattheirproblems
Ebecausediabetesduringpregnancymaysometimesleadtobirthdefects
FthoughtheirmotherstookACEinhibitorsduringtheirfirstthreemonthsofpregnancies*第七篇ScreenTest
1.3.5.Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay
http://www.oh100.com layingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay
8.RadiationexposureshouldbeA.becostlyB.harmfulC.savealifeD.stillopentodebateE.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancerF.reducedtotheminimum
*第八篇LungCancer
1.2.4.
5.RoutineX-raychestexaminationisnotsodangerous
6.Aprimarylungcancerpatientmaybecuredbyremovingthelungcompletely
7.Peoplearestillnotsure
8.Themorecigarettesonesmokes,.
A.beforethecancercellsspreadelsewhereB.themorechancesofdyingofX-rayradiationhewillhaveC.whatismostresponsibleforlungcancer
D.assomepeopleimagineE.themorechancesofgettinglungcancerhewillhave
F.whichformoflungcancerisacommonone
*第九篇Aspirin—aNewMiracleDrug
http://www.oh100.com hemiddleofthelastcenturyCravenmade
6.ItisBayerCompany
7.Thereisaprostaglandin
8.Numerousstudiesconcluded
A.thataspirinhasapositiveeffectonheartattacksandstokes
http://www.oh100.com o“double-blind”trialsofpatientswithheartdiseaseC.thatfirstproducedaspirinforsaleD.theunsuspectedeffectonpainandfeverE.importantobservationsontheeffectsofaspirinF.thatmaycauseclotstobeformedinthearteries
*第十篇TheSafeneofIUDsHIV-positiveWomen
1.3.4.
5.Accordingtocurrentguidelines,womenshouldnotuseIUDs
6.Currentguidelinesbarelyrecommend
7.Frombothcurrentguidelinesandthenewstudywemayconclude
8.ThenewstudymaintainsthattheIUDisasafecontraceptivemethodforHIV-infectedwomen
A.whatcontraceptiveisgoodforHIV-infectedwomenB.iftheygotoseethedoctoratregularintervalsC.whatarelationshipbetweenincreasedcervicalHIVsheddingandtheuseoforalontraceptivesD.thatsexuallytransmitteddiseasesmayincreasetheriskofIUDcomplicationsE.iftheyareHIVcarriersF.thattakingoralcontraceptivesismuchsaferthanusingIUDsforHIV-infectedwomen
+第十一篇SurgeryInvolvingtheHeart
1.2.4.5.Thebloodisoxygenatedandcarbondioxideinitisremoved.
6.Theheart-lungmachineisanessentialhelperforsurgeons7.Endocarditismaycausevalvestobedamaged
8.Itisextremelyimportantinhearttransplantation
A.andfinallytheyfailtofunctionproperly
http://www.oh100.com erformmanysurgicaloperationsonthechest
C.whenitpassesthroughtheheart-lungmachine
D.andtheynolongerobstructthebloodflow
E.tomatchtissuesofthedonorandtherecipient
F.whentheineffectivevalvesarereplacedbyartificialones
+第十二篇GinsengShowsBenefitinCancerTreatment
1.3.4.5.DoctorsintheUSwantedtoknow6.Bothstudiesonflaxseedandginsengshow7.Itistheuniquenutrientprofileofflaxseed
http://www.oh100.com heginsengtrialtheresearcherstestedthepotencyofginsengAthatledtheresearchersinDuke'sSchoolofNursingtostudyit
Bbygivingdifferentdosesoftheherbtopatientswithdifferentcancers
Cwhetherthefoodsandsupplementspatientstookeverydayweregoodornot
Dthoughbothflaxseedandginsengareallhealthyalternativemedicines
Ethateitherofthemisbeneficialtocancerpatients
Fbecausewestillhavetoseeifflaxseedcanpreventprostatecancer
+第十三篇WardoffTravelBugs
1.4.5.Food-poisoningmayposeaproblem.
6.Specialearplugscanmakeyoufeelbetter.
7.Itisimportanttodrinkalotofwater_.
8.Don'tforgettobringnecessarymedicine__.
A.whenyourplaneisabouttolandB.whenyouaretakingtabletsC.whenyousufferfrom
food-poisoningD.whenyouaretravellingE.whenyouarepackingforyourtourF.whenyouarehavingacold
+第十四篇ABaby’sGrowth
1.2.
5.Thebaby’sabilitytosensethevisualspaceowesto.
6.Inimitatingthebehaviorofonehandwiththeother,thebabyisableto
7.Ababywillsmileashisimageat
8.Thebaby’sextensionofaffectionshouldmakethemother
http://www.oh100.com lonehandfromtheother
D.theperfectionofvisionandtheabilitytoholdhisheadupE.haspreferenceamonghistoysF.explorehistoys
+第十五篇OptimistsReallyDoLiveLonger,SayScientists
1.2.
5.Somescholarsdidnotbelieve
6.Howlongonecanlivepartlydependson7.Anoptimistdoesnotnecessarilytry
8.Anexperimentshowedthatoptimistswere
A.toavoidunpleasantthingsinlifeB.inlookingonthebrightsideoflife
C.lelikelytocatchcoldD.howonelooksonlifeE.tobeunhappyallthetimemorelikelytogetcancer
F.
2016年职称英语概括大意和完成句子(12)+AStrongGreenhouseGas
第十二篇AStrongGreenhouseGas
1Methaneisacolorless,odorlegas;itisalsoapotentgreenhousegas,andoncereleasedintotheatmosphere1,itabsorbsheatradiatingfromEarth’ssurface.That’swhymethaneisamajorcontributortotheplanet’sincreasingtemperaturerise—orglobalwarming.Moleculeformolecule,methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide2,themostabundantgreenhousegas.
2With13billioncowsbelchingalmostconstantlyaroundtheworld(100millionintheU.S.alone),it’snosurprisethatmethanereleasedbylivestockisoneofthechiefglobalsourcesofthegas.Otherprimemethanesources:petroleum,drilling,coalmining,solid-wastelandfillsandwetlands.
3GreenhousegaseslikemethaneandcarbondioxidemakeuponlyasmallpartofEarth’satmosphere,whichis78percentnitrogenandnearly21percentoxygen.Andwithoutgreenhousegasestotrapthesun’sheatandwarmtheplanet,lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist3.Butinthelast200years,humanactivitythatrequiresburningoil,naturalgas,andcoalforenergyhasmagnifiedthegreenhouseeffect.
4Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethanehavemorethandoubledinthelasttwocenturies.Blameforthisoftenfocusesonbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles.Butagricultureplaysamajorrole, http://www.oh100.com hepast40yearsalone,theglobalcattlepopulationhasdoubled.
5Cowsmunchmostlygrassesandhay—yettheygrowbigandhefty.Why?Becauseoftherumen.The
rumenholds160litersoffoodandbillionsofmicrobes.Thesemicroscopicbacteriaandbreakdowncelluloseandfiberintodigestiblenutrients.Acowcouldn’tlivewithoutitsmicrobes.Asthemicrobesdigestcellulose,theyreleasemethane.Theproceoccursinallanimalswitharumen(cows,sheep,andgoats,forexample),anditmakethemverygassy.It’spartoftheirnormaldigestionprocess.Whentheychewtheircud,theyregurgitatesomefoodtorechewit,andallthisgascomesout.Theaveragecowexpels600litersofmethaneaday.6That’swhywesaylivestockgasisalsoamajorfactorofcausingtheglobalwarming.
词汇：methane/5meWein/n.甲烷munch/mQntF/v.用力咀嚼odorle/`EJdElIs/adj.无味的hefty/5hefti/adj.健壮的potent/5pEutEnt/adj.强有力的rumen/5ru:men/n.瘤胃belch/belt/v.打嗝protozoan.原生动物（复数）livestock/5laivstCk/n.家畜，牲畜cellulose/5seljulEus/n.纤维素landfill/`lAndfIl/n.埋填的废渣nutrient/5nju:triEnt/adj.有营养的magnify/5mA^nifai/v.扩大cud/kQd/n.反刍的食物guzzle/^Qzl/v.大量消耗（燃料等）regurgitate/ri(:)5^E:dViteit/v.反刍
22注释：
1.oncereleasedintotheatmosphere,…：一旦（甲烷）释放到大气中……。oncereleasedintotheatmosphere相当于oncemethaneisreleasedintotheatmosphere。
2.Moleculeformolecule，methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide,…：按分子与分子对比，甲烷在大气中吸热的能力比二氧化碳强20倍……。介词for表示“对比或比例关系”。
3.withoutgreenhousegases…，lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist：没有温室气体……，我们所知道的生命就不能生存。本句中，life是主语。as从句中的it指代life。
4.Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethane：甲烷在大气中的浓度
练习:
1.Paragraph1
2.Paragraph2
3.Paragraph4
4.Paragraph5
ALifeofMicroscopicBacteriainLivestock’sRumen
BWaystoReduceMethane’sHeat-TrappingPower
CAgricultureAlsoContributestoIncreasedConcentrationsofMethaneintheAtmosphere
DWhyLivestockReleasesMethane
EMethaneasaStrongGreenhouseGas
FLivestockasaPrimeFactoroftheGreenhouseEffect
5.Methaneistotheintensifyinggreenhouseeffect.
6.Greenhousegasesareindispensabletomankind,buttheproblemmankindisfacedwithis.
7.Generallypeopleheapcriticismonfortheplanet’stemperaturerise.
8.Nothinghasbeenmentionedinthepassageabout.
Aoneofthemajorcontributors
Btheever-increasingatmosphericconcentrationsofgreenhousegases
Cbigandheftycows
Dlivestock’snormaldigestionprocess
Ehowtocutdownthecattlepopulations
Fbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles
答案与题解:
1.E本段的第三句点出了methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide。
2.F本段要表达的中心意思是：livestock排出的甲烷也是温室效应的一个主要源头。
3.C本段表达的重点是用but转折的段后两句。
4.D本段从科学的角度分析反刍动物为什么会释放出甲烷。
5.A选A的依据在第一段的第二句和昀后一句。
6.B选B的依据在第三段的第二句、第三句和第四段的第一句。这三个句子先后介绍了下列观点：没有温室气体，生物不能生存；人类燃烧能源，加剧温室效应；大气甲烷含量增加一倍。7.F第四段第二句直接谈到这个问题。人们常常将不断加剧的温室效应归罪于大工业和汽车，而cattle释放甲烷的因素被忽略了。
8.E选项E是本文没有提到的内容，也就是说，其他五个选项的内容文章部有涉及。
第十二篇一种强烈的温室气体
甲烷是一种无色无味的气体，同时也是一种很强烈的温室气体，一旦释放到空气中，就会吸收地球表面散发的热量。所以说甲烷是使这个星球日趋变暖(或叫全球变暖)的一个主要原因。按分子与分子对比，甲烷在大气中吸收热量的能力是二氧化碳——昀丰富的温室气体的21倍。
由于全世界有130亿头牛几乎在连续不断地打嗝（仅美国就有一亿头），难怪由牲畜释放的甲烷就成为了一种主要的全球性甲烷来源。其他主要的甲烷来源有：石油、钻井、采煤、固体垃圾以及沼泽地。
甲烷和二氧化碳等温室气体只占地球大气的一小部分，大气中78%为氮气，将近21%为氧气。如果没有温室气体来吸收太阳的热量，使地球变暖，我们所知道的生命就不会存在。但在过去的200年里，通过燃烧油、天然气和煤来获取能量的人类活动加剧了温室效应。
在过去的两个世纪里，甲烷在大气中的浓度地加了一倍多，人们常常将此归罪于大工业和汽车。但是农业在其中也扮演了一个重要角色。仅在过去40年里，全球牲畜数量就翻了一番。
牛吃的大部分是草，但却长得身高体壮。原因何在？在于它们都长有瘤胃。它们的瘤胃容纳160升的食物，养育数十亿的微生物。这些微小的细菌和原生动物可分解纤维素，形成可吸收的营养。没有这些微生物牛就无法生存。由于微生物可吸收纤维素，所以就会释放出甲烷。所有长有瘤胃的动物（比如牛、绵羊和山
羊）都会这样，因此它们经常释放出气体。这是它们的正常吸收过程的一部分。它们反刍时，就会将食物重新咀嚼，于是就释放出气体。一般每头牛每天会排出600升甲烷。
因此，我们认为，牲畜释放的气体也是全球变暖的一个主要因素。
2016年职称英语概括大意和完成句子(9)-MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded
第九篇MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded
1Agriculturalresearchfundingisvitaliftheworldistofeeditselfbetterthanitdoesnow.Dr.TonyFischer,cropscientist,saiddemandwasgrowingat2.5%peryear,butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead1.
2“Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbereversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty,”hesaid.
3Researchisneededtosolvefoodproduction,landdegradation2andenvironmentalproblems.Securelocalfoodsupplies3ledtoeconomicgrowthwhich,inturn,slowedpopulationgrowth.Dr.Fischerpaintedapictureoftheworld’sabilitytofeeditselfinthefirst25years,whentheworld’spopulationisexpectedtorisefrom5.8to8billionpeople.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove4butthere’llstillbealotofhungrypeople.Thebiggestconcentrationofpoorandhungrypeoplewouldbeinsub-SaharanAfricaandsouthernAsiain2020,similartothecurrentpattern.Ifthereisanychange,aslightimprovementwillbeseeninsouthernAsia,butnotinsub-SaharanAfrica.ThemajorimprovementwillbeineastAsia,SouthAmericaandSouth-EastAsia.
4Thedevelopingworldwasinvestingabout0.5%,or$8billionayear,ofitsagriculturalgrodomesticproduct(GDP)on5research,andthedevelopedworldwasspending2.5%ofitsGDP.Dr.Fischersaidmorewasneededfromallcountries.
5Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia6.
6“Technologiesstillneedtoberefinedforthelocalconditionsbutalotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently,”Dr.Fischersaid.
7Yieldsofrice,wheatandmaizehavegrownimpressivelyinthepast30years,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Forexample,maizeproductionrosefrom2-8tonnesperhectarebetween1950and1995.Buttechnologiesdrivingthisgrowth,suchashigh-yieldvarieties,fertilizers,andirrigation,werebecomingexhausted.“Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield,”Dr.Fischersaid.
词汇:funding/5fQndiN/n.为……提供资金，拨专款domestic/dE5mestik/adj.国内的modem/5mEudEm/n.调制解调器grodomesticproduct国内生产总值malnutrition/5mAlnju(:)5triFEn/n.营养不良spin-offn.有用的副产品degradation/7de^rE5deiFEn/n.降级，(土地)贫瘠化strategic/strE5ti:dVik/adj.战略的gro/^rEus/adj.总的，全部的application/7Apli5keiFEn/n.应用
maize/meiz/n.玉米hectare/5hektB:/n.公顷注释:
1.…butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead：……但由于有了现代技术和新技术的开发，世界应该能够不断前进。ones指代前面的technologies。
2.landdegradation土地贫瘠化
3.securelocalfoodsupplies：稳定的当地粮食供应
4.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove…：他说情况很可能保持现状或有所改善……。Hold：保持。
5.invest…on：这是一个固定动词用法，意思是“把……投资于”。
6.Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia：他说粮食研究会开发出新技术，这些新技术又会传播到许多国家，例如小麦生产研究的成果已经在墨西哥、中国或印度得到应用。spreadacross：传播到。havingspin-offsfor…是现在分词短语，修饰wheatproductionresearch。
练习:
1.Paragraph1ATheSameorImprovedFoodSupplySituationin2020
2.Paragraph3BCResearchFocusonIncreasedYieldMoreResearchFundingNeeded
3.Paragraph4DLocalSituationsAnalyzed
4.Paragraph7EFIncreaseinInvestmentonAgriculturalResearchSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies
5.Dr.Fischerclaimsthatagriculturewillcontinuetodevelop.
6.Landcanbesavedforotherpurposes.
7.Theinvestmentcanberegardedasefficient.
8.Theglobaldecreaseininvestmentshouldbechanged
Aifwecandriveyieldup
BwhenMexico,ChinaandIndiajoinintheproject
CSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies
Dwhenweusemoderntechnologiesanddevelopnewones
Ewhenthedevelopedworldhelpthedevelopingworld
答案与题解:
1.E本段谈及粮食需求以每年2.5%的速度递增，所以，农业研究资金的投入至关重要。
2.A本段引用了费舍的观点，如果能进行农业研究，在本世纪第一个25年中，即使世界人口从58亿增加到80亿，粮食供应的格局和现在大致相同或有所改善。
3.C本段指出，农业研究的资金投入还要增加。
4.B本段的中心思想是提高农作物的单位面积产量。过去30年的实践证明提高单位面积产量是可能的。
5.D本题答案的依据是第一段第二句的后半句：…withmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones，theworldshouldbeabletostayahead.
6.A答案可在昀后一段找到。原句是：Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield…
7.F第六段有这么一句话：…alotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently.提示我们，选项F是答案。
8.C答案可在第二段找到。原句是:Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbe
reversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty…
第九篇需要进行更多的农业研究
如果世界人民想比现在吃得更好，农业研究资金的投入至关重要。农业科学家托尼·费舍说过需求每年增长2.5%，但由于有了现代技术和新技术的开发，世界应该能够不断前进。他说：“要想在减少营养不良和贫困方面取得巨大的进步，就必须扭转全球对国际农业研究投入下滑的趋势。”
解决粮食生产、土地贫瘠化和环境污染问题，必须进行研究。稳定的当地粮食供应可以促进经济地长，放慢人口地长速度。费舍博士描绘说，世界有能力在人口由58亿增加到80亿的头25年实现粮食供应充足。情况很可能保持现状或有所改善，但仍会有大批人口处于饥饿当中。2020年贫穷和饥饿人口昀大集中地为撒哈拉以南的非洲部分和南亚，这与目前情况类似。如果有什么变化的话，也只是在南亚有稍微的改善，而不是在撒哈拉以南的非洲。主要改善地区将是东亚、南美和东南亚。
发展中国家每年将农业国内生产总值的大约0.5%（80亿美元）用于研究，发达国家则用2.5%的国内生产总值进行研究。费舍博士说所有国家都需要更多的资金。他说粮食研究会开发出新技术，这些新技术又会传播到许多国家，例如小麦生产研究的成果已经在墨西哥、
中国或印度得到应用。他说：“技术仍需因地制宜进行改进，但许多战略性研究可以在全球应用，所以可以
非常有效地利用财力。”在过去30年中，大米、小麦和玉米的产能大幅度地增长，尤其是在发展中国家，例如，1950年到1995年，玉米产量由每公顷2吨均加到每公顷8吨。但是，推动高产的技术，比如高产新品种、化肥以及灌溉，正在消耗殆荆费舍博士说：“如果你想腾出土地做非农业用途，保护森林和野生动物，就必须提高单位面积产量。”